AO3

• Research support for gender bias in diagnosis

  Loring and Powell found evidence of gender bias among psychiatrists in the diagnosis for schizo

  They randomly selected 290 male and female psychiatrists to read 2 case vignettes of patient behaviour
• Cultural differences can explain reliability

  • Hearing voices are an important symptom in the diagnosis of schizophrenia and even here there are cultural differences
  • Luhmann interviewed 60 patients: 20 from Ghana, 20 from India and 20 from the UK. Those from Africa and India reported how the voices they heard were positive ( culturally it is considered normal to hear spirits!) the voices were not destructive or evil