Unit 3

• What is another name for DNA?

  genome
• What does meiosis produce?

  Gametes (sex cells) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• How many cell divisions take place in meiosis?

  4
• What is DNA?

  It carries the genetic information of an organism and the genetic makeup
• What connects with what?

  Adenine - thymine

  cytosine - glutamine
• How are compounds in a DNA held together?

  Hydrogen bonds.
• Each base pair is attached to a sugar that is attached to a phosphate group and this is called nucleotide.
• Describe transcription in protein synthesis.

  The DNA gets unzipped by the RNA polymerase. Then the unzipped DNA is attached with complimentary base pairs from the nucleus. The MRNA is made.
• Describe translation in protein synthesis.

  The MRNA goes into the cytoplasm. The tRNA with complimentary base pairs and amino acids attach. Then with the help of the ribosomes the amino acids get joint and there is a polypeptide chain creating a protein.
• What happens during mutation?

  Change in DNA sequence. that causes there to be a change in characteristic.
• What did Mendel discover?

  The principles of inheritance and the laws of genetics. How the recessive and dominant characteristics work.
• What are the sex chromosomes for men and women?

  Men: XY Women: XX
• Why do we make a pedigree chart?

  To track and analyze the inheritance of traits within a family.
• What is ?

  IAIA = A

  IBIB = B

  IOIO=O

  IAIO = A

  IBIO = B

  IBIA = AB
• What was the human genome project?

  Mapping the entire human genome so that we can understand it.