Religon under Henry VII (04/01/24)

• Purgatory = traditional catholic idea that souls of the dead were purged of their sins before entering heaven
• Pilgrimage = a journey to a place of religous devotion
• Holy Communion = Christian sacrament involving bread and wine, also called the Eucharist
• Clergy = Ordained religous leaders responsible for spiratual guidance and leading worship
• Chantry = Chapels where Mass took place fore the souls of the dead
• Erastian = The view that the state should have authority over the church
• Heresy = The denial of the validity of key doctrines of the church
• Laity = Those in a religous community who are not members of the clergy
• Intercession = Praying on behalf of another person for divine intervention
• Mass = Christian worship involving Eucharist
• Guilds and Confraternities = Voluntary religous associations with common purposes like Christian charity or spiritual development
• Transubstantiation = The belief that bread and wine are literally the body and blood of Christ
• Grace = the pure state a sould needed to be in to enter heaven
• The Pope was the head of the Catholic church.
• Churches often had a social element through agricultural festivals and guilds and confraternities
• Churchmen had a lot of power and influence, for example, the Chancellor was always a churchman.
• The English church was very Erastian and the pope would almost always grant requests of King.
• The church was very wealthy and often benefactors would leave a gift in their will.
• Religon focused heavily on the concept of grace via completing the 7 sacraments. Some examples are penance, marriage and holy communion.
• During Henry VIIs reign, around 1% of the population were monks or part of monastic orders
• The Lollards were founded by John Wycliffe.
• Lollards views were considered heresy and were very popular in South Buckinghamshire and in Newbury. However, after a failed uprising in 1414 their popularity declined. Lollards were essentially an early form of protestant church.
• Humanism was founded by William Grocyn and Thomas Linacre.
• Humanists believed in the catholic chruches idea of freewill. They looked at Plato and Aristotle and notable thinker John Colet saw it as a way of reforming from within. Humanism had a less profound impact on England than it did on wider Europe at the time of Henry VII