Ionic compounds

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  How ionic compounds form giant ionic lattices
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

  Strong electrostatic forces require much heat energy
• Why can't ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid?

  The ions are locked in place by attraction
• When can ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  When molten or dissolved in water
• What type of bonding occurs between a metal and a non-metal?

  Ionic bonding
• What happens to an electron during the reaction between sodium and chlorine?

  One electron is transferred from sodium to chlorine
• What charge does a sodium ion have?

  One positive charge
• What charge does a chloride ion have?

  One negative charge
• What is the electronic structure of sodium and chloride ions after bonding?

  They have a full outer energy level
• What is the name of the compound formed from sodium and chlorine?

  Sodium chloride
• What is a giant ionic lattice?

  A structure where positive and negative ions alternate
• What holds the ions in place within a giant ionic lattice?

  Strong electrostatic forces of attraction
• What are the forces of attraction between ions called?

  Electrostatic forces of attraction
• How do ionic bonds act in a giant ionic lattice?

  They act in all directions
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

  Strong forces require a lot of heat energy
• What is the melting point of sodium chloride?

  Around 800°C
• What happens to ionic solids when heated?

  The particles vibrate and can melt
• What is required to break the electrostatic forces in ionic compounds?

  A great deal of heat energy
• How does the movement of ions differ in solid and molten ionic compounds?

  In solids, ions cannot move; in molten, they can
• What carries the electrical charge in molten or dissolved ionic compounds?

  The moving ions
• What is often confused in exams regarding ionic compounds conducting electricity?

  It's the ions that are moving, not electrons
• What are the properties of ionic compounds?

  • High melting and boiling points
  • Cannot conduct electricity when solid
  • Can conduct electricity when molten or dissolved
• How are ions arranged in a giant ionic lattice?

  • Positive ions surrounded by negative ions
  • Negative ions surrounded by positive ions
  • Three-dimensional structure
• What are the steps in the formation of sodium chloride?

  1. Sodium loses one electron
  2. Chlorine gains one electron
  3. Formation of sodium and chloride ions
  4. Ions combine to form sodium chloride