1.4.3 Inca Empire: administration and infrastructure

• Where was the Inca Empire located?

  Andes Mountains
• Who was the supreme ruler of the Inca Empire?

  Sapa Inca
• What kind of projects did the mita system require commoners to work on?

  Public projects like roads
• What labor system was used to maintain the qhapaq ñan?

  Mita
• What are the five categories of architectural concepts shown in the image?

  Experiences, Choices, Journeys, Resiliency, Spaces
• How did the Inca Empire manage its resources?

  Collected and redistributed goods
• What was the name of the Inca's road system?

  Qhapaq ñan
• What is an example of a project under the mita system?

  Building a new road
• What roles did nobles fulfill in Inca society?

  Administrators, judges, priests
• What system did the Inca use to maintain control and collect taxes across their empire?

  Sophisticated bureaucracy
• What were the rest stops along the qhapaq ñan called?

  Tambos
• What were the Inca known as pioneers of in urban development?

  Sustainable urban development
• What was the title of the provincial governor in the Inca Empire?

  Apu
• What design principle did the Inca's adaptive reuse of existing terrain inspire in modern sustainable design?

  Reclaiming underutilized spaces
• How many primary irrigation systems did the Inca develop?

  Three
• Arrange the Inca government hierarchy from lowest to highest rank.

  1️⃣ Local leaders (ayllu chiefs)

  2️⃣ Regional administrators

  3️⃣ Provincial governors (apus)

  4️⃣ Central bureaucrats in Cuzco

  5️⃣ Sapa Inca
• Match the Inca social class with its roles and responsibilities:

  Sapa Inca ↔️ Supreme ruler, law maker

  Nobles ↔️ Administrators, judges, priests

  Bureaucrats ↔️ Managed government records

  Commoners ↔️ Farmers, artisans, laborers
• How did the Inca social hierarchy contribute to a well-organized administration?

  Nobles and bureaucrats managed resources
• Order the irrigation systems from least to most efficient:

  1️⃣ Gravity flow

  2️⃣ Center pivot

  3️⃣ Drip irrigation
• Llamas could carry goods weighing up to 100 lbs.

  False
• What type of fields are typically irrigated using the center pivot system?

  Circular fields
• The gravity flow irrigation system has an efficiency of 90-95%.

  False
• What type of water source is used in drip irrigation systems?

  Pipes and tubes
• What was the primary role of chasquis in the Inca Empire?

  Relaying urgent messages
• Which Inca city demonstrates the use of stepped terraces carved into mountain slopes?

  Machu Picchu
• Match the Inca transportation method with its description:

  Roads ↔️ Paved and well-maintained routes

  Llamas ↔️ Pack animals carrying goods

  Runners (Chasquis) ↔️ Relay runners for urgent messages
• What was the purpose of the mita labor tax in the Inca civilization?

  Maintaining water infrastructure
• Match the irrigation system with its characteristics:

  Gravity flow ↔️ Aqueducts, rivers, 60-80% efficiency

  Drip irrigation ↔️ Pipes, tubes, 90-95% efficiency

  Center pivot ↔️ Underground pumps, circular fields, 80-95% efficiency
• What was the Inca Empire known for regarding transportation and communication?

  An amazing system
• How much weight could llamas carry as pack animals?

  Up to 60 lbs