Reproduction in plants

• Sexual reproduction in plants involves the production of seeds through the fusion of male and female gametes.
• Fertilization results in formation of zygote, which develops into embryo within seed.
• spores are asexual reproductive bodies
• each spore is covered by a hard protective coat to withstand unfavorable conditions such as high temperature and low humidity.
• under unfavorable conditions, a spore germinates and develops into a new individual
• the transfer of pollen from the anther to stigma of a flower is called pollination.
• the female gamete or the egg is formed in an ovule.
• the cell which results after fusion of gametes is called a zygote.
• the process of fusion of male and female gametes is called fertillisation
• flowers which contain either only pistil or only stamens are called unisexual flowers
• flowers which contain both stamen and pistil are called bisexual flowers.
• mustard, rose, and petunia have bisexual flowers.
• corn, papaya, and cucumber produce unisexual flowes.
• in asexual reproduction new plants are obtained without production of seeds.
• • apart from flower buds, there are buds in the axil of leaves which develop into shoots. these buds are called vegetative buds.
• bryophyllum has buds in the magins of leaves
• some seeds are dispersed by animals, especially spiny seeds with hooks which get attached to the bodies of animals and are carried to distant places. e.g. xanthium & urena.
• the seeds develop from the ovules and are reproductive structure of plants.
• stamens are the male reproductive part & pistil is the female reproductive part.