Rogers

• The theorist who wanted to be a farmer.

  Carl Rogers
• Carl Rogers is best known as the founder of _____, his _____ grew from his experiences as a practicing psychotherapists.

  client-centered therapy, humanistic personality theory
• Carl Rogers was more concerned with helping people than discovering why they behaved as they did. True or False?

  True
• Although the client-centered theory was built based on Rogers’s experiences as a therapist, he continually called for _____to support both his personality theory and his therapeutic approach.

  Empirical Research
• Rogers (1986) advocated a balance between _____ and _____ that would expand knowledge of how humans feel and think.

  tender-minded, hardheaded studies
• Rank’s lectures provided Rogers with the notion that _____ is an emotional growth-producing relationship, nurtured by the therapist’s empathic listening and unconditional acceptance of the client.

  Therapy
• Rogers emphasized the importance of _____ within the patient.

  Growth
• Carl Rogers's therapy evolved from one that emphasized methodology (also known as the_____) to one that emphasizes the client-therapist relationship.

  “nondirective” technique
• Carl Rogers resigned from WBSI as he felt that it was becoming less democratic. Along with about 75 others from the institute, he formed the _____.

  Center for Studies of the Person
• The personal life of Carl Rogers was marked by _____ and _____ to experience.

  change, openness
• Carl Rogers had an active fantasy life and was later believed would have been diagnosed as a _____.

  “schizoid”
• Rogers had only enough courage to ask out a young lady whom he had known in his elementary years named _____.

  Helen
• The theorist who became a leading proponent and advocate for the idea that strong interpersonal relationships foster psychological growth.

  Carl Rogers
• Rogers’ counseling theory emphasizes:

  self-truth, authenticity, honesty
• Rogers always insisted that the theory should remain_____, and it is with this thought that one should approach a discussion of Rogerian personality theory.

  tentative
• _____ was the term associated with Carl Rogers' approach during his early years.

  “Nondirective”
• 5 terms referring to Carl Rogers' approach:

  “Client-centered”, “person-centered”, “student-centered”, “group-centered”, “person-to-person”
• It refers to Rogers' therapy.

  Client-centered
• It refers to Rogerian personality theory.

  Person-centered
• Rogers postulated two broad assumptions:

  formative tendency, actualizing tendency
• The tendency for all matter – both organic and inorganic – to evolve from simpler to more complex forms.

  Formative Tendency
• A creative process, rather than a disintegrative one, is in operation for the entire universe.

  Formative Tendency
• The tendency within all humans (and other animals and plants) to move toward completion or fulfillment of potential.

  Actualizing Tendency
• An interrelated and more pertinent assumption, the only motive people possess, and involves the whole person – physiological and intellectual, rational and emotional, conscious and unconscious.

  Actualizing Tendency
• Actualizing Tendency includes tendencies to:

  maintenance, enhancement
• Includes basic needs and the tendency to resist change and to seek the status quo; similar to the lower steps on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

  The need for maintenance
• The conservative nature of _____ is expressed in people’s desire to protect their current, comfortable self-concept.

  maintenance needs
• The need to become more, to develop, and to achieve growth. It is seen in people’s willingness to learn things that are not immediately rewarding.

  The need for enhancement
• _____ can be expressed in various forms. For instance, through curiosity, playfulness, self-exploration, friendship, and confidence that one can achieve psychological growth.

  Enhancement needs
• People have within themselves the _____ to solve problems, to alter their self-concepts, and to become increasingly self-directed.

  creative power
• Rogers contended that whenever _____, _____ and _____ are present in a relationship, psychological growth will surely occur.

  congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathy
• Infants gradually become aware of their own identity as they learn what is bad and what is good. True or False?

  True
• _____ is a requirement for actualization, infants value food and devalue hunger.

  Nourishment
• _____ is a subset of the actualization tendency. It is the tendency to actualize the self as perceived in awareness.

  Self-actualization
• Rogers postulated two self-subsystems:self-concept and ideal self.
• Rogers postulated two self-subsystems:

  self-concept, ideal self
• Includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that are perceived in awareness (though not always accurately) by the individual and not identical to the organismic self.

  Self-concept
• Experiences that are inconsistent with their self-concept are usually either denied or accepted but in distorted forms. True or False?

  True
• People can disown certain aspects of their lives when these experiences are not consistent with their self-concept, for example, dishonesty. True or False?

  True
• _____ most readily occurs in an atmosphere of acceptance by others, which allows a person to reduce anxiety and threats and to take ownership of previously rejected experiences.

  Change