multi-store model of memory

• strength

  -free recall experiment supports concept of MSM

  -indicating words entered LTM after being rehearsed

  -last word in STM as new in memory
• label

  A) recall

  B) primacy

  C) recency

  
• immediate digit span test (capacity of STM) & trigram study (duration of STM) also support MSM
• free recall experiments = lab experiment ( weakness )


  -very artificial

  -not reflective of how we use memory in real life

  -lacks ecological validity

  -can't be generalised to real life
• free recall experiment = lab experiment (strengths)


  -high control of extraneous variables

  -cause & effect inferred

  -studies provide valid support for MSM
• primacy effect


  -had time to rehearse the words

  -enter LTM
• recency effect


  -Ps tend to recall last item on list

  -STM , no displacement
• asymptote 


  -middle position remembered poorly

  -increasing number of items fill STM, displaced before reaching LTM
• long term memory 


  -may last permanently

  -leaves STM to long term through rehearsal
• short term memory 


  receives info from sensory register by paying attention
• who was the MSM created by?

  Atkinson & Atkinson
• sensory register


  -info from 5 senses detected by sensory neurones

  -also info in STM & LTM gathered here

  -info passed to STM by paying attention
• sensory register coding 


  -vision = iconic

  -sound = echoic

  -smell = olfactory

  -touch = haptic

  -taste = gustatory
• sensory register capacity 


  -very large

  -all sense impressions in one moment

  -only things paid attention to move on to STM
• sensory register duration


  -very short

  -as low as 250 milliseconds
• linear model 


  information shown to flow through system in one direction
• passive stores 


  stores hold onto info before being passed onto next
• case studies of brain damaged patients


  HM & KF

  -suggest MSM too simple
• HM features


  -STM normal

  -no LTM

  -couldn't learn new facts / events

  -could learn new skills
• what does HM being able to learn skills show?


  there's more than one type of LTM
• KF features 


  -LTM normal

  -STM damaged (digit span of only 2)
• how does KF's brain criticise MSM?

  -model doesn't explain how info is passed to LTM without being affected by impaired STM
• label

  A) sensory register

  B) short term memory

  C) long term memory

  D) attention

  E) rehearsal

  F) maintenance

  G) retrieval

  H) info lost

  I) info lost

  J) info lost