1. Self-Esteem

• Self-Esteem – the extent to which a person views himself as valuable and worthy
• Employees high in self-esteem are more motivated and will perform better than employees low in self-esteem
• Consistency Theory: employees who feel good about themselves are motivated to perform better at work than employees who do not feel that they are valuable and worthy people
• Employees try to perform at levels consistent with self-esteem is compounded by the fact that employees with low self-esteem tend to underestimate their actual ability and performance
• Chronic Self-Esteem: person’s overall feeling about himself
• Situational Self-Esteem: person’s feeling about himself in a particular situation
• Socially Influenced Self-Esteem: how a person feels about himself on the basis of the expectations of others
• To increase self-esteem, employees can attend workshops in which they are given insights into their strengths
• Experience-with-Success: employee is given a task so easy that he will almost certainly succeed
• Galatea Effect: the relationship between self-expectations and performance
• Train supervisors to communicate a feeling of confidence in an employee
• Pygmalion Effect/Rosenthal Effect: if an employee feels that the manager has confidence in him, his self-esteem will increase
• Golem Effect: occurs when negative expectations of an individual cause a decrease in that individual’s actual performance