Active transport

• how are macromolecules and nutrients transported into and out of the cell?

  they are transported by endocytosis and exocytosis.
• what is a cel membrane pump?

  -these are the carrier proteins that serve in active transport.-they move substances from LOWER to HIGHER concentration.
• define active transport


  the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
• Where do diffusion and osmosis move from compared to active transport regarding water?

  Diffusion and osmosis moves from where there is more water to less water. However, active transport moves from less water to more water.
• What way does diffusion and osmosis move regarding the concentration gradient compared to active transport?

  Diffusion and osmosis moves down the concentration gradient so doesn't require energy but active transport moves up (against) the concentration gradient so it requires energy from respiration.
• Word equation for respiration

  glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + energy
• Name and explain another example of active transport.

  The small intestine. This is to ensure that all glucose that has been made available by digestion is absorbed into the blood.
• Name and explain an example of active transport.

  The roots of a plant. Mineral ions in the soil are at a low concentration compared to the cytoplasm of the plant cell.
• When does active transport occur?

  Active transport occurs when a substance must be moved from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration through a cell membrane.

  
• What type of process is active transport and what does this mean?

  Active transport is an active process which means it requires energy from respiration to power it.
• Active transport


  It is another mechanism by which substances can move into and out of cells.

  
• What is active transport?


  Active transport is the movement of particles across a membrane against a concentration gradient from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration using ATP released during respiration.
• How does active transport work in the digestive system?

  When there is a higher concentration of nutrients in the gut they diffuse into the blood but sometimes there is a lower concentration of nutrients in the gut than in the blood. Active transport allows nutrients to be taken into the blood, despite the concentration gradient being the wrong way. This stops us from starving.
• What does active transport need in order to take place?

  ATP from respiration.