Funda

• Infection is an invasion of the body tissue by microorganisms and their proliferation there.
• Asepsis is the absence of disease-producing microorganisms.
• Being free from infection is referred to as asepsis.
• Medical Asepsis refers to practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens.
• Clean technique is a part of medical asepsis.
• Surgical Asepsis refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms.
• Sterile Technique is a part of surgical asepsis.
• Sepsis is the presence of infection.
• Septicemia is the transport of an infection or the products of infection throughout the body or by blood.
• Carrier is a person or an animal, who is without signs of illness but who harbors pathogens within his body that can be transferred to another.
• Contact is a person or an animal known or believed to have been exposed to a disease.
• Reservoir is the natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms.
• Transient flora or bacteria are the microorganism picked up by the skin as a result of normal activities that can be removed readily.
• Resident flora or bacteria are the microorganism that normally live on a person’s skin.
• Sterilization is the process by which all microorganisms including their spores are destroyed.
• Disinfectant is a substance, usually intended for use on inanimate objects, that destroys pathogens but generally not the spores.
• Antiseptic is a substance, usually intended for use on persons that inhibit the growth of pathogens but not necessarily destroy them.
• Bactericidal is a chemical that kills microorganisms.
• Bacteriostatic is an agent that prevents bacterial multiplication but does not kill all forms of organisms.
• Contamination is the process by which something is rendered unclean or unsterile.
• Disinfection is the process by which pathogens but not their spores are destroyed, from inanimate objects.
• Communicable Disease is a result if the infectious agent can be transmitted to an individual by direct or indirect contact through a vector or vehicle, or as an airborne infection.
• Infectious Disease is a result from the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in a host.
• Pathogen is a disease-producing microorganism.
• Pathogenicity is the ability to produce a disease.
• Virulence is the vigor with which the organism can grow and multiply.
• Specificity is the organism’s attraction to a specific host, which may include humans.
• Opportunistic Pathogen causes disease only in susceptible individual.
• Nosocomial Infection is a hospital-acquired infection.
• Isolation is the separation of persons with communicable diseases from other persons so that either direct/indirect transmission to susceptible persons is prevented.
• Isolation Techniques are practices designed to prevent the transfer of specific microorganisms.
• Etiology is the study of causes.
• Blood: open wound, needle puncture site
• Droplet Transmission is a type of contact transmission that occurs when the mucous membrane of the nose, mouth or conjunctiva are exposed to the secretion of an infected person who is coughing, sneezing, laughing or talking, usually within a distance of 3 feet.
• Vehicle Transmission involves the transfer of microorganisms by way of vehicles or contaminated items that transmit pathogens, such as food, water, blood, eating utensils, pillows, and mattresses.
• Airborne Transmission occurs when fine particles are suspended in the air for a long time or when dust particles contain pathogens, and air current disperses microorganisms, which can be inhaled or deposited on the skin of a susceptible host.
• Vectoborne Transmission involves vectors that can be biologic or mechanical, with biologic vectors being animals like rats, snails and mosquitos, and mechanical vectors being inanimate objects that are infected with infected body fluids like contaminated needles and syringes.
• Incubation Period extends from the entry of microorganisms into the body to the onset of signs and symptoms.
• Etiologic Agent (microorganism) may be bacteria, virus, fungi, or parasites.
• Convalescent Period is when signs and symptoms start to abate until the client returns to normal state of health.