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The Contemporary World
Globalization - Categories of Globalization
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Globalization
includes communication, collaboration, connection, economic governance, trade technology and technology.
Globalization
emphasizes interconnectedness and connections.
Manfred B. Steger
is a political science professor at University of Hawaii
According to
Manfred B. Steger
, globalization refers to the relations and consciousness across world-time and world-space.
According to
Manfred B. Steger
, globalization is a multidimensional phenomenon involving economics, politics, and culture.
Expansion
refers to the spreading of ideas, norms, lifestyle, and material and non-material culture.
Multiplication
happens when social networks increasingly overcome the old traditional way of living.
Shrinkage
happens when the world is becoming a smaller place.
Arjun Appadurai
is an expert on dynamics of globalization.
Arjun Appadurai
proposed the five scapes of flow of globalization.
Ethnoscapes
is the movement of people from one place to another; migration.
Ideoscapes
is when ideas are used as instruments or tools or weapons to provide benefits.
Technoscapes
refers to tools, instruments, and mechanical goods and services.
Financescapes
is the exchange or circular flow of money from one country to another.
Mediascapes
refers to the electronic capabilities of production and dissemination.
Globalization moves in an
upward trajectory.
Thomas Friedman
is an American political commentator and author.
Thomas Friedman
proposed the three categories of globalization.
Archaic Globalization
refers to globalizing events and developments from the earliest civilizations till 1600s.
Globalization started when man discovered
fire.
During the
Archaic Globalization
, most people were flat earthers.
The
Old World
includes Asia, Europe, and Africa.
The
New World
includes America, Australia, and Antartica.
Christopher Columbus
discovered America.
America was named after
Amerigo Vespucci.
Oranges
originated in Southern China, India, and Southearn Asia.
Apples
originated in
Kazakhstan.
Banana
originated in
Southeast Asia.
Banana
is the arab word for
finger.
Mangoes
originated in
India.
Rice was first domesticated in
Yangtze River
in China.
Wheat
originated in the "
cradle of civilization
";
Tigris
and
Euphrates.
Cereal
was named after the Roman Goddess,
Ceres.
Coffee
originated from
Ethiopia.
Onion
originated from
Central Asia
and is one of the most ancient food sources.
Corn
or
maize
is a human invention developed by
Mexicans.
Potatoes
were made by Indians in
Peru.
Chocolates
originated from
Mesoamerica
(Mexico) where the first cacao plant was planted.
Rubber trees
or "
hevea brasiliensis
" originated from
Brazil.
The three principles of Archaic Globalization are:
Universalizing Kingship
,
Expansion of Religion
, and
Medicinal Understanding.
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