Cells

• Eukaryotic Cell Ultrastructure refers to the structures found inside an animal cell.
• In eukaryotes, some parts are membrane-bound, known as organelles.
• The nucleus contains DNA, which is the genetic information that controls the cell.
• The nucleolus is the site of ribosome and RNA storage, folding, translation, synthesis, modification, export ,and import.
• Cilia are hair-like structures some cells have on their surface that help to move fluid across their surface.
• 80S type ribosomes are found in eukaryotes.
• Lysosomes are membrane bags containing digestive enzymes that break down food molecules, organelles or even the whole cells.
• The ribosomes on the rER make proteins for export.
• Peroxisomes are membrane bags containing enzymes which help to remove toxic substances.
• Each ribosome has 2 sub units - one large one small.
• Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration which produces ATP, the energy source of cells.
• The Golgi apparatus stores, modifies and packs molecules (proteins and lipids etc) for transport.
• The smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is involved in the production and storage of fats.
• Centrioles are found in the centrosomes.
• Label the diagram

  A) mitochondrion

  B) cell membrane

  C) lysosome

  D) cytoplasm

  E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  F) nucleus

  G) golgi apparatus

  H) centrosome

  I) nuclear membrane

  J) rough endoplasmic reticulum

  K) vacuole

  L) nucleolus

  M) ribosomes

  
• prokaryotic cells are single celled and have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.