Disaccharides

• Disaccharide: Two monosaccharides joined together by a bond
• Condensation reactions are involved in the formation of larger chains in biological molecules
• A disaccharide is a sugar composed of two monosaccharides joined together in a condensation reaction
• Maltose is a disaccharide formed by combining two alpha glucose monomers through a condensation reaction
• During seed germination, larger carbohydrates in the seed are broken down into disaccharides, such as maltose and sucrose, which provide energy for the growing seed
• Maltose is made up of two glucose molecules and is used by seeds for energy
• Sucrose is made up of glucose and fructose and is transported in the phloem tissue to provide sugars to other parts of the plant
• Plants carry out photosynthesis in the leaf, using sunlight to produce sugars that are then transported to other parts of the plant
• Plants produce sugars through photosynthesis and store them as sucrose
• Sucrose is an important energy source for plants and is transported to various parts of the plant through phloem tissue
• Lactose is a disaccharide composed of alpha glucose and galactose
• Lactose is commonly found in the milk of mammals and provides energy
• The type of bond formed between the monosaccharides in a disaccharide is a glycosidic bond
• In a condensation reaction, water is eliminated as two monosaccharides come together to form a glycosidic bond
• The bond between monosaccharides is known as a glycosidic bond
• Glycosidic bonds are covalent bonds formed between two monosaccharides through a condensation reaction
• The glycosidic bond is formed between the hydroxyl group of one sugar and the oxygen atom of the other sugar
• The specific carbon atoms involved in the glycosidic bond can vary, and they are named based on their unique number
• The glycosidic bond in maltose, a disaccharide, is formed between carbon 1 of one molecule and carbon 4 of the other, making it a 1,4 glycosidic bond
• Disaccharides can be broken down into two monosaccharides through a hydrolysis reaction, where polymers are broken down into monomers