Photosynthesis

• Photosynthesis is when plants, some bacteria and some protistants use energy from sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen
• Xylem vessel lets water from roots to transport up to the leaves
• Stomata are the tiny openings present on epidermis of leaves. It plays an important role in gaseous exchange and photosynthesis.
• Stomata control the transpiration rate by opening and closing
• Cuticle is a thin waxy layer that covers the outermost surface of leaves
• Cuticle protects plant from water loss, extreme temp, and pest infection
• Thylakoid is the site that contains chlorophyll
• Thylakoid is a sheet like membrane bound structure
• Grana is the stacks of thylakoid
• Stroma is the fluid surrounding the grana and thylakoid
• what are the three layers of the chloroplast?

  Outer membrane, intermembrane space and inner membrane
• What are the two types of photosynthesis reactions?

  Light dependent Reaction and Light ins=dependent Reaction
• Light dependent reaction occurs in the grana
• Light independent reaction is when light energy is trapped by chlorophyll to make ATP. Then water is split into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and free electrons. Lastly, electrons react with NADP, changing it from its oxidized state to its reduced state (NADPH)
• What is NADP?

  Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
• Light Independent Reaction occurs in stroma of chloroplast
• Light independent reaction is when carbon dioxide is capture and modified by the addition of hydrogen.
• Light independent reaction creates sugar.