The frustration aggression hypothesis

• What is the main hypothesis of frustration-aggression theory proposed by Dollard et al.?

  Frustration leads to aggression.
• What does the term "aggression" refer to in the context of frustration-aggression theory?

  It is a cathartic release of frustration.
• How does Dollard et al. explain the relationship between external factors and frustration?

  External factors can prevent goal achievement, causing frustration.
• What happens when an individual is prevented from achieving a goal according to Dollard et al.?

  This leads to frustration and subsequent aggression.
• What is the effect of increased proximity to achieving a goal on frustration and aggression?

  More frustration and aggression occur as proximity increases.
• How does frustration manifest when an individual is close to achieving a goal?

  It leads to more aggressive behavior.
• What are some external factors that can lead to frustration according to the theory?

  External factors include lack of resources or support.
• What does the frustration-aggression hypothesis suggest about the direction of aggression?

  Aggression may not always be directed at the source of frustration.
• What is a potential outcome of unresolved frustration according to the theory?

  It can lead to increased aggression over time.
• How does the frustration-aggression theory relate to social behavior?

  It explains how frustration can lead to social conflict.
• What is the significance of understanding frustration-aggression theory in psychology?

  It helps in addressing and managing aggressive behaviors.
• What are the key components of frustration-aggression theory?

  • Frustration leads to aggression.
  • Aggression is a response to blocked goals.
  • External factors can increase frustration.
  • Aggression may not be directed at the source of frustration.
• What are the implications of frustration-aggression theory for social interactions?

  • Understanding triggers of aggression.
  • Managing conflicts effectively.
  • Recognizing the role of frustration in social behavior.
  • Developing strategies to reduce aggression.
• How can frustration-aggression theory be applied in conflict resolution?

  • Identify sources of frustration.
  • Address external factors contributing to frustration.
  • Encourage open communication to express feelings.
  • Develop coping strategies to manage aggression.
• What was the purpose of the lab experiment conducted by Green?

  • To ask male undergraduates to complete a jigsaw puzzle
  • To manipulate conditions affecting their frustration
  • To observe the effects on their frustration levels
• What were the three conditions manipulated in the experiment?

  Unattainable time limit, confederate issued insults , no frustration
• What was the outcome for students who failed to complete the jigsaw puzzle?

  They received derogatory remarks from the confederate
• What did participants have the opportunity to do in the experiment?

  Give shocks to a confederate
• What was the result of participants who had experienced insults?

  They gave the highest levels of shocks
• How did the groups compare in terms of shock levels?

  All groups gave more shocks than the control group
• What does the research support regarding frustration and aggression?

  Frustration leads to aggression
• What hypothesis did Berkowitz propose regarding frustration?

  Frustration does not always lead to aggression
• What did Berkowitz argue about aggression?

  Aggression occurs only in certain conditions
• What did Berkowitz identify as necessary for aggression to occur?

  The presence of certain cues
• What did Berkowitz's findings suggest about aggression and cues?

  Cues can trigger aggression in frustrated individuals
• What was the main conclusion of the study regarding frustration and aggression?

  Frustration can lead to aggression under certain conditions
• What are the implications of the study's findings on frustration and aggression?

  • Supports the theory that frustration leads to aggression
  • Highlights the role of environmental cues
  • Suggests that not all frustration results in aggression
• How did the different conditions affect the participants' behavior in the study?

  Conditions influenced the level of aggression shown
• What did the study reveal about the relationship between frustration and aggression?

  Frustration can escalate to aggressive behavior
• What type of cue is associated with aggression?

  Aggressive cue
• What type of cue is associated with a bad mood?

  Non-aggressive cue
• What did Berkowitz find about participants in the presence of aggressive cues?

  They experienced higher levels of shocks
• What does frustration lead to according to the study material?

  It leads to aggression in certain circumstances
• What are the practical applications of the revised explanation of aggression?

  • Provides insight into gun control debates
  • Suggests that gun presence may increase aggression
  • Highlights the need for further research on gun laws
• What implication does the presence of guns have on aggression?

  It likely results in increased aggression
• What limitation is mentioned regarding the frustration-aggression hypothesis?

  It may not always predict real-world aggression
• What is ecological validity in the context of research?

  It refers to the applicability of research findings
• What issue arises from ecological validity in the research?

  It can be questioned in laboratory settings
• Who conducted studies that questioned the validity of electric shocks?

  Green and Berkowitz
• What was found about the electric shocks in the studies by Green and Berkowitz?

  They were fake and not as severe