States Of Matter

• Matter - anything that has mass and occupies space
• Three states of matter - solid, liquid, gas
• Particles are always in constant motion
• The state of matter a substance is in is dependent on the temperature and pressure
• Melting - solid to liquid
• Boiling - Liquid to gas
• Freezing - liquid to solid
• Condensing - gas to liquid
• Sublimation - solid to gas and vice versa
• Melting point - constant temperature at which bonds are being broken eg. water melting
• Boiling point - constant temperature at which bonds are being broken eg. liquid to gas
• Osmosis - the movement of water particles from high water potential to low water potential through a semi-permeable membrane until evenly distributed
• Diffusion - Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration until evenly distributed
• Brownian Motion - Random movement of particles in a liquid or gas
• Atoms - smallest particles into which an element can be divided
• Molecules - groups of atoms bonded together, which can exist as separate units
• Ions - electrically charged particles formed from atoms or groups of atoms bonded together