MATERIAL FACTORS

• Material deprivation

  the inability to afford basic resources and services, such as sufficient food and heating. lacking the funds to access essential items
• measure of acceptable housing

  affordability-how much money is left for essentials, savings and social activities

  decent conditions

  space

  stability

  neighbourhood
• relative deprivation

  able to meet basic subsistence but poor in comparison to peers/those similar to you
• pupil premium eligibility

  children eligible for free school meals

  children who are in care/looked after

  children who are adopted from care

  children with a parent in the armed forces
• the attainment gap in learning has decreased slightly from 2007 to 2016

  secondary students were 21.9 months behind in 2007

  18.9 months behind in 2016
• current trends estimate it would take around 50 years for the disadvantaged gap to close completely by the time pupils take their GCSEs
• the gap which has been closing since 2011 widened slightly in 2018. Most disadvantaged pupils were almost 2 years behind their peers by the time they finished their GCSEs

  the average gap went from 17.9 months in 2017 to 18.1 months in 2018
• 2015 data states pupil premium failed to close the attainment gap

  2015 results showed the gap had widened slightly since 2014 despite significant investment in pupil premium
• in 2014 2.5 billion pounds was allocated to schools to support lower-income students

  33.7% of students on free school meals achieved 5 A* at GCSE

  other pupils:60.7%
• Marilyn Howard:

  poorer families tend to have poorer diets, which affects energy and can weaken immune system
• David Bull:

  'cost of free schooling'
• Emily Tanner:

  burden on poorer families is heavy with the cost of everything needed for school
• Smith and Noble:

  'poverty penalty'

  a barrier to learning because of material deprivation
• Gibson and Asthana:

  correlation between low income households and poor education
• Callender and Jackson:

  attitudes towards debt is a large factor when choosing to go to university
• examples of material deprivation

  Internet access

  working whilst in school

  crowded home

  access to uniform/school supplies

  sickness