(1)Anatomy and Physiology

• Anatomy and physiology are all about human structure and function.
• Anatomy: The study of the structure of the body and its parts. Physiology: The study of the function of the body and its parts.
• Inspection: To look at or examine the body part or person fully during physical examination.
• Palpation: To feel the body parts with the fingers or hands during a physical examination.
• Auscultation: To listen to the sounds of the body during physical examination.
• Percussion: To tap the patient's body with fingers, hands, or small instruments during the physical examination.
• Cadaver dissection: Cutting and separating human body tissues to reveal tissue relationships.
• Comparative anatomy: The study of various organisms or species to determine their evolutionary relationships, forms, and functions.
• Medical imaging: Viewing inside the human body without the use of surgery. Radiology is used in medical imaging because it is the branch of science that deals with imaging.
• Gross anatomy: The study of the structure of the body that can be seen by the naked eye.
• Histology: It is also known as microscopic anatomy. It is the examination of tissues with a microscope.
• Histopathology: The microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease.
• Cytology: The study of the structure and function of cells.
• Ultrastructure: To view detail under an electron microscope.
• The subdisciplines of physiology are: Neurophysiology (physiology of the nervous system), Endocrinology (physiology of hormones), and Pathophysiology (mechanisms of disease).
• Comparative physiology is the study of different species to learn about body functions and how they work. It is the basis for much of our understanding of human physiology and the development of new drugs and medical procedures.