UTS

• Understanding the self is essential as it helps in understanding one's behavior and its effects on others.
• Society and culture shape the self through various factors such as family, education, media, and peers.
• The self is something that a person perennially molds, shapes, and develops.
• The Greeks seriously questioned myths and moved away from them in attempting to understand reality and respond to questions of curiosity, including the question of self.
• Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior.
• Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior, according to the American Psychological Association.
• Socrates, through his concept of "Arche", explains the multiplicity of things in the world.
• Socrates was more concerned with another subject, THE PROBLEM OF SELF.
• Socrates is the 1st philosopher who ever engaged in a systematic questioning about the self.
• Socrates believed that the true task of the Philosopher is to know oneself.
• During his trial for allegedly corrupting the minds of the youth, Socrates declared without regret that his being indicted was brought about by his going around to Athens engaging men, young and old, to question their presuppositions about themselves and about the world particularly about who they are.
• Socrates thought that this is the worst that can happen to anyone.
• Narcissism is a trait characterized by overly high self-esteem, self-admiration, and self-centeredness.
• Narcissists take care of their image, including their interpersonal relationships, and often try to find better partners, better acquaintances, and people who will appreciate them a lot.
• Upward social comparison is a process where individuals compare themselves with those who are better off than them.
• Nurture refers to our environment, upbringing, and life experiences.
• Nature and nurture are both important in understanding our self and identity.
• Nature determines our behavior, personality traits, and abilities.
• The looking glass self is a process of developing a self-image on the basis of the messages we get from others, as we understand them.
• Nature refers to our genetics and our genetic makeup.
• Reflective essay, essay, and quiz are learning tasks related to understanding the self.
• The effects of parenting types on a person's personality are a topic of discussion.
• Nurture determines our behavior, personality traits, and abilities.
• Self-discrepancies refer to the differences between an actual self, an ideal self, and an ought self.
• The self is a social product and is influenced by others.
• Downward social comparison is a process where individuals create a positive self-concept by comparing themselves with those who are worse off than them.
• For Socrates, every man is composed of body and soul, making all individuals dualistic.
• Plato also contended that man has a soul and that there is more to man than his worldly body.
• St. Augustine’s view of the human person reflects the entire spirit of the medieval world when it comes to man.
• St. Thomas Aquinas stated that “Man is composed of 2 parts – matter and form”.
• According to St. Augustine, there is an aspect of man, which dwells in the world, that is imperfect and continuously yearns to be with the divine while the other is capable of reaching immortality.
• Form, in Greek, is Morphe, which is the essence of a substance or thing.
• Doubt is the very foundation of truth, as it indicates that what we have thought of is proof that we stumbled on knowledge.
• Plato, Socrates’ student, supported the idea that man is a dual nature of body and soul and added that there are three components of the soul: rational, spirited, and appetitive.
• Immanuel Kant recognized the veracity in Hume’s account that everything starts with perception and sensation of impressions, and suggested that there is necessarily a mind that organizes the impressions that men get from the external world.
• The goal of every human person is to attain this communion and bliss with the Divine by living his life on earth in virtue.
• The body is nothing else but a machine that is attached to the mind, and the mind is what makes man a man.
• Rene Descartes, the father of modern philosophy, conceived that the human person has a body and a mind.
• Merleau Ponty's philosophy of self is existentialism, which is predicated on the premise that man gives meaning to his own life.
• Rene Descartes stated that the only thing that one cannot doubt is the existence of the self.