JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND JJS

• WHO IS A JUVENILE?

  A PERSON WHO HAS NOT REACHED ADULTHOOD OR THE AGE OF MAJORITY
• any action, course or conduct that deviates from acts approved by majority of people
• this don't conform to the accepted rules, norms and mores of the society
• Juvenile Delinquency is an anti social act or behavior of minors
• abandonment can be done by

  leaving the child into the streets, doorsteps, orphanages
• Swaddling is done by depriving the child of limbs by wrapping them in endless bandage
• Code of Hammurabi is the oldest known code
• the acts in children as miniature adults are adult punishment for misdeeds, slavery and apprenticeship, morality, sex and prostitution
• roman law and canon law made distinction between juveniles and adults based on the notion of age of responsibility
• in ancient Jewish law the immaturity was to be considered in improving punishment
• in ancient jewish law there is no corporal punishment prior to puberty
• there is no capital punishment to those offenders under 20 years old in ancient Jewish law
• codification of roman law established the 12 tables
• in this law, children are dealt the same as adults

  codification of roman law
• In codification of roman law, children are classified as infans
• infans are not criminally responsible
• In Codification of Roman Law, the liability of those approaching puberty was based on their capacity to understand the difference between right and wrong.
• in codification of roman law, the age for boys approaching pubertyis

  above 7 to 14
• in codification of roman law, the age for girls approaching pubertyis

  above 7 to 12
• In Anglo Saxon Common Law, children under 7 are presumed innocent
• In Anglo Saxon Common Law, children over 14 are judged as adult.
• In Anglo Saxon Common Law, children between 7 and 14 are presumed innocent but could be found guilty under certain circumstances.
• in this law, children under 7 are presumed innocent

  Anglo Saxon Common Law
• in this law, children over 14 are judged as adult.

  Anglo Saxon Common Law
• in this law, children between 7 and 14 are presumed innocent but could be found guilty under certain circumstances.

  Anglo Saxon Common Law
• Between 1824 and 1828, several juvenile institutions were established.
• Houses of Refuge and Orphan Asylums are 2 types of Juvenile insti.
• Houses of Refuge houses Juvenile Offenders
• Orphan Asylums houses abandoned and orphaned children.
• Parens Patriae means it is the responsibility of court and the state to act on behalf of the child and provide care and protection equivalent to that of a parent.
• In 1899, the 1st juvenile court was established in Chicago
• what is parens patriae
• In 1818, New York Committee on Pauperism gave the term Juvenile Delinquency its first public recognition.
• 1899 and 1967 is the era of socialized Juvenile Justice
• PD 603 is also known as The Child and Youth Welfare Code
• In PD 603, children over 9y/o but under 21y/o at the time of the commission of the offense is known as Youthful Offender.
• What age are considered as Youthful Offender in PD 603?

  Over 9 under 21
• RA 9344 is also known as Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006
• In RA 9344, children over 15 and below 18 are likewise exempted unless acted with discernment.
• PD 603 : Youthful Offender - RA 9344 : ?

  Child in Conflict with the Law