M2: Holistic Development

• Generation O: working Filipinos clamor for change in their lifestyles especially in health

  Overworked, overweight, overwhelmed
• Holistic development is a process of self-actualization and learning thatcombines an individual's mental, physical, social, emotional and spiritualgrowth. Its premise is that an individual finds purpose and meaning in life through connections to the natural world, the community and through humanitarian values.
• 5 areas of personal development

  
  

   Physical or physiological development

   Intellectual development

   Affective or emotional development

   Social development

   Spiritual development
• physiological development

  Refers to the physical changes in the body as well as the senses and changes in skills related to movement. Height, body mass, bodily appearance, structures, motor skills
• emotional development

  It has to do with the feelings that you experience. It involves learning what feelings and emotions are, understanding how and why they happen, recognizing one’s own feelings and those of others, and developing effective ways of managing them.
• social development

  Is our inborn capacity to relate to others, to connect, and to feel belongingness. Is about putting people at the centre of development. This means a commitment that development processes need to benefit people, but also a recognition that people, and the way they interact in groups and society, and the norms that facilitates such interaction, shape development processes
• cognitive development

  Refers to a person’s intellectual abilities as shown in his/her thoughts, attitudes and beliefs and values. The development of one’s abilitiesaffects how one makes decision, remember details, and solve problems
• spiritual development

  Is defined as discovering oneself beyond the ego known as the soul, spirit, or the inner essence that is often disregarded or taken for granted. It is experiencing the “inner guide” of one’s beliefs and values for discovering the meaning of life. is the development of the personality towards a religious or spiritual desired better personality.
• Albert Bandura: proposed that human person has a capacity toinfluence his/ her environment and vice versa
• learning through observation

  Bandura suggests that observational learning occurs either intentionally or accidentally. In many cases the behavior that is being learned is exactly the same as the modeled activity. It is not a simple matter of imitation butan active judgmental and constructive process
• moral disengagement

  it permits individual and institutions to perpetuate and encourage violence and other inhumane activities while justifying and exonerating their behavior. E.g. Ethnic cleansing. Bandura suggests that we need todevelop effective social safeguards to encounter such abuse
• People’s ability to control their lives is affected by their “ self efficacy” or the belief that they can succeed in what they want to do
• self-efficacy

  How effective Do I see myself to be? As one's belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. It is defined as people's beliefs about their capabilities to produce designated levels ofperformance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives. Self-efficacy beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves and behave
• Adolescence

  The developmental stage period between childhood and adulthood. Physiologically, this period of development is marked with a “growth spurt” which is characterized with a sudden and rapid period of physical growth during puberty. Growth spurt follows the sequence of weight, heightand muscle physiological development. Has three phases namely; Early (12-14y/o), Middle (15-17 y/o) and Late Adolescence (18-21 y/o)
• Puberty

  Period of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation. The sequence of physical changes is universal, but the timing varies (typically lasting 3-5 years). Age of onset ranges between 8-15 years old
• two important physiological developments during puberty:

  menarche: the term for a girl’s first period. It signals that ovulation has begun (although is often irregular for a few years) spermarche: the term for a boy’s first ejaculation, which signals sperm production has begun
• cognitive development

  
  

  Refers to the capacity of the person to think and reason out. And adolescent stage corresponds to the Fourth stage of Piaget’s Cognitive development- the Formal Operational stage. This cognitive stage entails adolescent capacity for more complex process of thinking known as formal logical operations like

  
  

  Think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems, Form ideas and questions from observed realities or by simply imagining and realizingthe connection of one possibility to another, Consider and compare varied options, Figure out the process of thinking
• brain development in adolescence

  Research has found that the limbic system, an emotional and impulsive part of the brain, develops prior to the prefrontal cortex, the rational, logical part of the brain. This in part explains some of the impulsive, emotional reactions of teen
• Myelination of the prefrontal cortex improves with age, fostering improvements in decision making, rational arguments, and even reactiontime. Experiences during adolescence are particularly crucial and lasting
• socio-emotional development

  Some developmental scholars claim that social and emotional development during the late and middle adolescence are intertwined. Whenever young adolescents relate or connect with their peers or other persons they always tend to bring their emotions as well. More often than not, adolescents may experience difficulty in controlling their emotions whenever they are relating or communicating with others
• socio-emotional development

  Adolescent state is the time when young people widen their connections and range of socializations with other persons. Young people tend to be more active in their involvement to the social groups or organizations theyidentify themselves with. Their associations with these groups strengthened adolescence sense for own self-identity and belongingness. These experiences will further result to greater sense of interpersonal relationship essential to their future commitment and decision making
• building relations: Characterizes the adolescent stage, Enhances their sense for commitment and interpersonal relationship

  body image: Considered as the most predictor of their self-esteem, Psycho-pathologic problems with body image may result to Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia and the like
• spiritual development

  adolescent period is a stage where young people are becoming more aware of the existence of the Divine, share their spiritual experiences with peers, and find a way to put faith into practice. This the developmental stage where young people become more active in their organizations or clubs to express their religiosity and sense of direction or vocation inlife. Parental assistance and guidance are essential factors in nourishing and keeping strong spiritual faith. Spirituality is developed among youngpeople and they learn how to relate with others and the divine
• developmental tasks

  Refers to the tasks that arise at a certain period in life. Non-compliance or non-accomplishment of these tasks will result to inability to perform task associated with the next period or stage of development of life
• developmental skills and tasks in the middle and late adolescence:

  Adjust to new physical changes, Adjust to new intellectual abilities, Adjust to higher cognitive demands in school, Adjust to the higher demandsof Middle & Late Adolescence, Adjust to the higher demands for verbal communication skills, Develop personal sense of identity, Establish vocational goals, Establish emotional & psychological independence from parents, Develop stable peer relationships, Manage sexuality, Adopt a personal value system, Manage speech properly
• challenges of middle and late adolescence

  sexual relationship, peer adjustment, intellectual maturation, vocational choice, emotional maturity