equilibrium position

• decrease temperature - position of equilibrium shifts in the exothermic direction. products of endothermic reaction decrease, products of exothermic reaction increase.
• increase temperature - position of equilibrium shifts in the endothermic direction. products of endothermic reaction increase, products of exothermic reaction decrease.
• increase pressure - position of equilibrium shifts to side with fewest gas molecules.
• decrease pressure - position of equilibrium shifts to side with most gas molecules.
• increase concentration of reactants - equilibrium shift towards the products. (RIRPIL - reactants increase right, products increase left)
• pressure changes only affect reactions involving gases
• increase concentration of products - position of equilibrium shifts towards the reactants (RIRPIL - reactants increase right, products increase left)
• decrease concentration of products - position of equilibrium shifts towards the products
• decrease concentration of reactants - position of equilibrium shifts towards the reactants
• a catalyst increases the rate of both the forward and the backward reaction to the same extent. the equilibrium position does not shift