PART 2 - HEALTH EDUC

• Behaviorism - focuses on tangible, observable behaviors, such as learning to give an injection, changing dietary practices and safely bathing an infant.
• Behaviorism is a psychological theory that focuses on observable behaviors and discounts mental processes such as thoughts and feelings as significant factors in understanding human behavior.
• Behaviorism emerged as a dominant force in the early 20th century, with key figures like John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner playing pivotal roles in its development.
• Cognitivism is a psychological theory that focuses on mental processes, including perception, memory, thinking, and problem-solving, as key factors in understanding human behavior.
• cognitivism emphasizes the role of internal mental processes in shaping behavior.
• Cognitivism focuses on the thought processes as humans learn for example, seeing a relationship between food intake and blood glucose levels, using memory tricks to recall health instructions, and gaining insight into one’s behavior.
• two theories of behaviorism (stimulus-response and operant

  conditioning)
• Two theories of cognitivism (gestalt and information processing), and social cognitive theory.
• Behavioral learning theories were among the first to be developed and were the first to be used in the U.S. educational system.
• Learning is largely the result of environmental events that condition behavior.
• Organism are born as blank slates with learning occurring after birth.
• Learning involves changing behavior.
• Behaviorists contend that the environment plays a crucial role in shaping behavior, either preceding it as a stimulus or following it as consequences.
• Stimulus-response theories have their origins in the 19th century with Ivan Pavlov and Edward Lee Thorndike , who studied how animals and humans learn.
• Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who is famous for discovering the principle of classical conditioning in his work with a hungry dog.
• Pavlov’s experiment is commonly known as classical conditioning
• The dog eventually stopped salivating and This phenomenon was called extinction.