GI

• BACTERIAL INFECTIOUS DISEASE THAT CAUSE DIARRHEA AND VOMITING?

  salmonellosis

  listeriosis

  shigellosis

  viral diarrhea
• COMMON DISORDERS OF THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM?

  gastroesophageal reflux
• Common GI symptoms of illnesses?

  vomiting
• water and salt are lost in proportion to each other. Occurs when a child's body loses more water than it absorbs (as with diarrhea or absorbs less fluid than it excretes (as with nausea and vomiting)?

  Isotonic dehydration
• water is lost out of proportion to salt, and water depletion. Occur in a child with nausea (thus preventing fluid intake) and fever (which increases fluid loss through perspiration); profuse diarrhea, where there is a greater loss of fluid than salt; or renal disease associated with polyuria such as nephrosis with diuresis?

  hypertonic dehydration
• electrolytes are lost out of proportion to water. This could result from excessive loss of electrolytes by vomiting, from an increased loss of salt from diuresis, or diseases such as adrenocortical insufficiency or diabetic acidosis?

  hypotonic dehydration
• excessive body fluid intake, can be as serious as dehydration. It generally occurs in children who are receiving IV fluid and can lead to cardiovascular and cardiac failure?

  overhydration
• GI disorder RF?

  Food poisoning

  Motion sickness

  Urinary tract infections

  Food allergy
• GI disorder Tx?

  Oral rehydration therapy

  IV fluids in severe cases

  Antiemetic medication
• GI disorder interventions?

  Administer antiemetics as ordered

  Provide a comfortable and quiet environment

  Monitor Fluid intake and output

  Offer small, frequent meals and clear liquids
• GI diagnostic tests?

  blood test

  urine test

  xray
• an increase in stool frequency to twice the usual number per day in infants or three or more loose or watery stools per day in older children.?

  diarrhea
• diarrhea assessment?

  presence of blood

  stool color

  stool odor