Slides 4: Taking Action and Primary Assessment

• what steps should you follow in an emergency?

  size up the scene, perform a primary assessment, summon advanced medical personnel
• purpose of this is a careful and systematic approach of a scene to get a complete view of the emergency situation such as other dangers and number of victims?

  sizing up the scene
• sizing up the scene ensures safety of?

  professional rescuer, victim, bystanders
• when sizing up the scene, what are the four things you need to do?

  determine PPE, MOI/Nature of illness, number of victims, additional help
• when performing primary assessment, what are the two major things you must do?

  identify and correct life threatening situations and activate EMS
• when victim is supine and not breathing, what should you do?

  establish ABCs
• what are the ABCs?

  airway breathing circulation
• what should you do if victim isn't breathing?

  rescue breaths
• what should you do if victim has no pulse?

  CPR
• what should you check when establishing ABCs?

  airway open, breathing, and pulse
• what should you do if victim is supine and breathing?

  monitor
• what should you do if victim is prone, not breathing?

  logroll, establish ABCs
• what should you do if victim is prone, breathing?

  logroll, monitor
• if there is an unconscious athlete, what should you do first?

  activate EMS
• what should you consider during primary assessment of an unconscious athlete?

  position, responsiveness, equipment considerations, ABCs
• what falls under equipment considerations?

  helmet/shoulder pad, facemask removal
• if possible, always leave equipment?

  on
• when performing primary assessment, what are the three main considerations in what order?

  unconsciousness, absence of breathing/pulse, severe bleeding
• what should you do first when checking for responsiveness?

  tap and shout
• what is the second thing you should do when checking for responsiveness?

  AVPU
• what does AVPU stand for?

  alert, verbal, painful, unresponsive
• in the AVPU scale, which is the ability to respond; coherent?

  alert
• in the AVPU scale, which is the ability to react to sounds but needs to be stimulated to respond(tap, shaken)?

  verbal
• what do we use to test painful of AVPU scale?

  sternum rub
• when checking for responsiveness, if conscious you should?

  obtain consent
• when checking for responsiveness, if nonresponsive you should?

  summon advanced medical personnel and assume consent
• if unconscious and you don't suspect a head/neck/spinal injury, you should use what technique to check for breathing?

  head-tilt/chin-lift technique
• if you suspect a head, neck, or spinal injury, use what maneuver to check for breathing?

  jaw-thrust
• if victim was involved in a crash, fall from greater than standing height, complains of neck/back pain, tingling in extremities or weakness, isn't fully alert, you should suspect?

  head/neck/spinal injury
• if someone is not fully alert or appears intoxicated, you should suspect?

  head/neck/spinal injury
• if someone is older than ___, or younger than ___, you should suspect a head/neck/spinal injury?

  65, 3
• if someone has an obvious deformity or paralysis, you should suspect?

  head/neck/spinal injury
• when checking for breathing, you should do what 3 things?

  look, listen, feel
• when checking for breathing, you should do it for at least ___ seconds but no more than?

  5; 10
• what are infrequent breaths that do not count as breathing and can be a sign of a cardiac event?

  agonal gasps
• where should you check pulse in adults and children?

  carotid pulse
• where should you check pulse in infants?

  brachial
• for a respiratory event, what age is considered an adult?

  12 and older
• in a respiratory event, what age is considered a child?

  1-12
• in a respiratory event, what age is considered an infant?

  <1