Slides 5: Secondary Assessment

• what is BPM range for adults?

  60-80
• what is BPM range for children?

  80-100
• what is respiration rate for adults?

  12
• what is respiration rate for children?

  20-25
• what should you consider when observing respiration?

  shallow/deep breaths, irregular/regular, gasping, coughing blood
• what is normal systolic range?

  115-120
• what is high systolic BP?

  >135
• what is low systolic BP?

  <110
• what is normal diastolic BP?

  60-80
• if body temp is <95, what does that mean?

  hypothermia
• if body temp is normal, what temp is it?

  98.6
• what is the temp range for "having a temp/fever" but not yet dangerous?

  100-102
• what body temp is considered an emergency and would need to be cooled immediately?

  >104
• if someone has heat stroke, what should you do before transporting them?

  cool
• what are the four places to take temp?

  mouth, armpit, ear, rectum
• where is the most accurate place to take a temp?

  rectum
• disease, cold/heat exposure, pain, fear, nervousness are all reasons for?

  fluctuating temp
• chattering teeth, blue lips, skin color are all signs of?

  low temp
• flushed skin, rapid breathing, racing heart, no longer sweating are signs of?

  high temp
• skin color with heat stroke, high BP and elevated temp?

  red and flushed
• skin color with insufficient circulation, shock, fright, heat exhaustion?

  pale, ashen or white
• skin color with airway obstruction or respiratory distress?

  cyanotic
• cyanotic skin tone primarily appears where on the body?

  nail beds and lips
• acronym for checking pupils?

  PEARL
• what does PEARL stand for?

  Pupils Equal And Reactive to Light
• Pupil _____ is more important than size?

  response
• you should continually assess state of?

  consciousness
• what are the two main assessments for acute injury?

  on the field and off the field
• what are the 4 steps of a musculoskeletal assessment?

  history, observation, palpation, special tests (HOPS)
• obtaining info about an injury?

  history
• what should you ask to get a good history?

  open ended questions
• record without _______ when taking a history?

  interpretation
• when should you obtain a history?

  as early as possible
• what are the 6 parts of a history?

  MOI, injury location, pain characteristics, joint responses, acute or chronic, history
• what can you observe on a patient when looking for injury?

  deformity, bilateral comparison, limp, swelling, facial expression, postural malalignment, inflammation
• what does palpation determine?

  point tenderness, anatomical structures affected, and non-visual deformities
• what are the different types of special tests?

  range of motion, strength, joint stability, and functional performance
• what special test is used for determining how much motion is available at a joint?

  range of motion
• what tools are used to measure range of motion?

  goniometer, inclinometer
• what test is graded from 0-5 with 0 being no motion to 5 being full movement and resistance?

  strength testing