One such tool is the 4Ms of manufacturing, and most organizations we work with are familiar with the concept to some degree. Whether they know it as the 4Ms, the 5Ms, the 6Ms, Cause and effect analysis, Fishbone diagram or Ishikawa, the basic definition is there. What is often a surprise to many people is how powerful this simple approach can be in solving operational problems by identification and eradication of the root cause(s) by those associates closest to the issues when and where they occur.