Anatomy ch 7.1

• Central nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord
• Peripheral nervous system contains visceral sensory, somatic sensory. Visceral motor, and somatic motor
• Sympathetic and parasympathetic belongs to the peripheral nervous system
• The motor neuron has a big cell body with axon branching out

  The sensory neuron hass the cell body located between axons
• Axon hillock is the transition between the axon and the dendrite
• Sensory neurons recoeve information at the receptors in the PNS and send signals to cell boddies until it reaches the CNS cell body
• Somatic neurons send impulses from the CNS to the PNS skeletal muscle
• Autonomic neuron sends signal from CNS and jumps to other boddies to PNS smooth cardiac gland
• Nerve is a bundle of axons located outside the CNS
• Tract is bundle of axons in the CNS
• Ganglion is a bundle of cell boddies in PNS
• Nucleus is a bundle of cell boddies in CNS
• Astrocytes are neuroglial cells found in the CNS that helps form BBB blood brain barrier
• Ependymall are neuroglial cells found in the CNS that assist in production of cerebral spinal fluid
• Microglial are neuroglial cells located in the CNS and defend against infectious agents and engulf debris from dead or dying neurons
• Oligodendrocytes are neuroglial cells located in CNS that myelinate and insulate CNS axons allowing faster actionpotential
• Satellite are neuroglial cells in PNS that support cell boddies within the ganglia of PNS
• Neurolemma/Schwan's cells are neuroglial cells that myelinate and insulate PNS axons for faster action potential
• Nyelination is the process of wrapping an axon with myelin
• Myelin are several layers of membrane of neuroglial cells
• White matter gains its white color due to the presence of myelin sheaths
• Gray matter lack myelin sheaths hence a less white color
• Nodes of rondie are gaps between myaline sheaths
• Receptive segment is composed of the cell boddy and dendrites and contains chemically gated channels
• Initial segment is located on the axon hillock and contains voltage gatted sodium and potassium channels
• Conductive segment consists of the axon and its branches which contains sodium and potassium voltage gates
• Transmission segment consists of the synaptic knows and has calcium chains and pumps.