Chapter 1 and 2

• Personaliy- traits and characteristics
• Theory -set of assumptions
• Epistemology -father of theory as it relates to the nature of knowledge
• Freud sex and aggresion
• Adler birth order (individual psych, striving for success)
• Jung analytical psych
• Klein object relations
• Horney psycho analytics social nuero
• Erikson psycho social stages
• Humanistic-Existential Maslow
• Rogers person centered
• May existential
• Eysenck's theory focused on temperament—innate, genetically based personality differences.
• Present behave influenced by childhood experiences (somex traumatic) Main idea of psychoanalysis
• Moder/son most ambivalent relationship
• Worked w Jean Martin Charcot (French neuro) hypnotic technique w histeria patients
• Histeria paralysis or the improper func of certain parts of the body
• Close friend Joseph Breuer in treating Anna O w talk therapy
• catharsis (removing hysterical symptoms through talking them out)
• Talk t caused Freud to free association technique which soon replaced hypnosis as his principal therapeutic technique
• Hysteria was a female disorder "wandering womb"
• B. agreed to publish Studies of Hysteria w F. termed psychical analysis
• Phylogenetic endowment similar to collective unconscious
• Wilhelm Fliess Berlin physician served as a sounding board for Freuds new ideas
• 1890 began analyzing his own dreams after death of father 1896 began daily analysis
• F suffered severe psychonuerosis dueo to nicotine addiction
• Interpretation of Dreams (1899) F friendship witj Fleiss ruptured in 1903
• Wednesday Psychological Society 1902 joind by Alfred Adler, Wilhelm Stekel, Max Kahane and Rudolf Reitler, 1908 Vienna Psychoanalytic Society
• 1910 founded International Psychoanalytic Association with Carl Jung as president
• acc to F people are motivated by drives og which they have little to no awareness of
• Unconscious contains all those drives, urges of instincts that are beyond our awareness

  behind dreams, slips of tongue and certain kinds of forgetting (repression)
• F used analogy of a guardian or censor blocking passage between unconscious and preconscious preventing anxiet-producing memries from entering awareness
• not all unconscious processes spring from repression of childhood events

  Phylogenetic endowment - a portion of our unconscious originates from the experiences of our early ancestors that have been passed on to us through hundreds of generations of repetition
• Preconscious - elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty
• precon comes from two sources:

  Conscious perception - what a person percieves is conscious for onl a transitory period; quickly passes to preconscious when the focus of attention shifts to another idea

  Unconscious - F believed that ideas can slip past the vigilant censor and enter into the prrecon in a disguised form
• Conscious - plays a minor role in psychoanalytic theory

  mental elements in awareness at any given point in time

  directly available to us

  ideas cab reach to this from two diff directions
• from diff directions of consciousness

  Perceptual conscious system - turned toward the outer world and acts as a medium for the perception of external stimuli. (what we percieve through our sense organs if not too threatening)

  From within mental struc, includes nonthreatening ideas from the precon as well as menaing but well-disguised images from the unconscious
• superego both precon and uncon

  id completely uncon
• Id (not-yet-owned comp of personality)

  Has no contact w reality, strives to satisfy basic desires

  sole func to seek pleasure

  is illogical and can simultaneously entertain compatible ideas
• Id serves as the pleasure principle, which is the pleasure principle that is not regulated by the superego