IB Computer Science - Unit 1.2 System Design Basics

Cards (69)

  • Environmental implications
    How computers affect the environment and how how eco friendly they are
  • Economic implications
    How computers affect the economy and money
  • Ethical implications
    How computers affect the society
  • Moral implications
    How computers affect your moralities as a human
  • Feedback system
    When the output of the system is used as an input that changes what the system does
  • Voice recognition system
    Capabilities of a electronic device to understand spoken words
  • Scheduling system
    The process of arranging, controlling, and optimizing work and workloads in a production process or manufacturing process
  • Online payroll system

    Calculates the amount of money you own your employees based on the number of hours they worked, their hourly wage, and whether they took a vacation during that period of time
  • Ticketing system

    May refer to public transportation ticketing systems, to theatre ticketing systems, etc. Or to help desk software that tracks customer request
  • Accessibility
    Refers to the potential of a service, product, device or environment to serve and meet the needs of as many individuals as possible
  • Ergonomics
    Refers to the design of safe and comfortable products, systems or processes, specifically for people
  • Usability
    Refers to the potential of a product, application or website to accomplish user goals
  • Design process
    The designers of the product may have to step back several times and reconsider choices they have made
  • Software lifecycle
    A framework of designing tasks performed at each step in the software development
  • Iteration
    Refers to the repetition of a set of instructions for a specific number of times or until the operations yield a desired result
  • Prototype
    A working or non-working preliminary version of the final product or a simple version of the final system that is used as part of the design phase to demonstrate how the final product will work
  • Modular language
    A language that supports modular programming
  • Modularity (modular programming)

    The method or partitioning a computer program into separate sub-program
  • Module
    A complete and independent part of a program or an algorithm
  • Pseudocode
    An artificial language that is not directly related to any particular hardware and is used to describe algorithms
  • Top-down design (stepwise refinement)
    "Stepwise refinement" is a software design and problem solving technique that involves the partition of a problem into smaller sub-problems
  • Modular design
    The process of designing system modules individually and then combining the modules to form a solution to an overall problem
  • Structure charts
    Describes functions and sub-functions of a system, as well as the relationships between modules of a computer program
  • Data flow diagrams
    May usually be used to describe the problem to be solved (analysis) A DFD shows how data moves through a system and the data stores that the system uses . A DFD does not specify the type of the data storage and the type of data
  • Flow chart
    Refers to the description of a data processing system, including the flow of data through any individual programs involved, but excluding the details of such programs
  • Batch processing
    Data processing performed on data that have been composed and processed as a single unit (payroll)
  • Real-time processing
    Data processing performed on-the-fly in which the generated data influences the actual process taking place (aircraft control)
  • Online processing
    Data processing performed by a single processor though the use of equipment that it controls (airline reservation)
  • Requirements specifications document
    This document defines the specific customer requirements of a computer system. It is included within the system analysis and may be later used to test the system, after implementation, in order to evaluate it
  • Competitive advantage
    Organizational capabilities such as sense-making, decision-making, asset availability, and operations management are completely associated with effect implementation of an information system, which in turn positively affect organizational performance
  • Hawthorne Effect
    Used to describe situations where workers better perform when they know that they are participating in an observation process
  • Direct observations
    Involves spending time in different departments
  • Questionnaires
    They are effective when the questions are carefully constructed so as to elicit unambiguous responses
  • Interviews
    Is a direct face-to-face procedure that focuses on obtaining reliable and valid data in the form of verbal responses from a person or a group (stakeholders)
  • Surveys
    Refers to a domain of applied statistics that focuses on taking samples from a population as well as improving on the various data collection techniques
  • Stakeholder
    Individual teams, groups or organization that have an interest in the realization of a project or might be affected by the outcome of a project
  • End-user
    A person who is going to use the product
  • IT Addiction
    - Internet addiction: neglected real life, social media addiction- Gaming addiction: social desensitization, neglected education and personal development
  • Digital Citizenship
    Covers appropriate behavior in a digital world. It includes using IT ethically, in a way that respect society the law and does not expose any person to threats, danger, or a contravention of their human rights
  • Protocols
    These allow for compatibility, facilitate communication and interoperability