Lesson 1 - Key Concepts in Nursing Interventions II

• Common risk factors leading to major NCDs include hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and overweight.
• Cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors include increased total cholesterol, high LDL, low HDL, smoking, obesity/overweight, physical inactivity, diabetes.
• Cerebrovascular diseases (Stroke) risk factors include age, sex, heredity, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, heart disease, high RBC, excessive alcohol, drug abuse.
• Some cancers and their risk factors include oral cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer.
• Diabetes risk factors include family history, overweight, lack of physical activity, hypertension, HDL < 35 mg/dl, triglyceride >250 mg/dl, history of gestational diabetes, with impaired glucose tolerance.
• COPD and asthma and their risk factors include smoking, genetic predisposition.
• Nurses have the duty to promote health, prevent illness, restore health, alleviate suffering, and to render care regardless of race, creed, religion, nationality or political belief.
• The goal of primary health care is health for all individuals, regardless of age, sex, race, and social status.
• In the care of patients with chronic diseases, nurses have professional responsibilities to utilize the nursing process, ensure a well-organized and accurate reporting system, and relate with clients and other members of the health team appropriately.
• An example of a patient with chronic disease is a male CVD patient whose caregiver is their male neighbor.
• Patients with chronic diseases face challenges that affect their coping and quality of life, the nurse as a care provider and advocate, and the family's response to the disability.
• The guiding principles in primary health care include active community participation, inter and intra-sectoral linkages, appropriate technology, focus on health promotion and disease prevention.
• A healthcare worker made judgmental remarks about the male CVD patient's caregiver, leading to the caregiver acting in a way that endangered patient safety.
• Key areas for primary prevention include promoting proper nutrition, encouraging more physical activity, and promoting smoke-free individuals.
• Nurses must protect life and respect the dignity of man.
• As a nurse and advocate, we can act by talking to the healthcare worker's senior.
• Patients have the right to information, to make decisions about their own care, and to privacy and confidentiality.
• Global plan of action and Western Pacific Regional Action Plan for NCDs include key principles such as people-centered health care, cultural relevance, and psychosocial support.
• Nursing interventions directed at health promotion in the older adult are primarily focused on disease management.
• When interviewing an older patient, it is most appropriate for the nurse to ensure all assistive devices are in place.
• The leading cause of death among the middle-adult age group is cardiovascular disease.
• An ethnic older adult may feel a loss of self-worth when the nurse informs the patient about ethnic support services.
• The primary purpose of hospice is to provide comfort and support for dying patients and their families.
• Empowerment of Vulnerable Groups through Partnerships is a key concept in nursing.
• The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who has a chronic illness and the child has a tracheostomy, with a parent rooming-in during this hospitalization.
• Translators: Lomotos, Magallanes, Mancenido, Mendoza, Morales.
• Examples of primary prevention strategies include colonoscopy at age 50 and avoidance of tobacco products.
• When planning the child's care, the primary nurse should recognize that the parent is controlling and demanding.
• An important nursing action to help a chronically ill older adult is to treat the patient as a competent manager of the disease.
• A characteristic of a chronic illness is that it has reversible pathologic changes.
• Editors: Ramos, Rimando.
• Issues among the chronically ill include multiple coexistence of chronic disease; comorbidities, fragmentation of care, self management, and bio-ethico-legal issues of terminal illness.
• The role of the rehabilitation nurse includes advocating for the patient and family, providing and coordinating holistic patient care in a variety of health care settings, including the home, collaborating with the rehabilitation team to establish expected patient outcomes to develop a plan of care, and coordinating rehabilitation team activities to ensure implementation of the plan of care.
• Every person that experiences a decline in health resulting in some degree of disability, including both physical and social dysfunction, requires rehabilitation.
• Education, health promotion, therapy, lifestyle modification, and rehabilitation are all examples of interventions for clients requiring rehabilitation.
• The nursing process includes significant data from NHH which would support the need for rehabilitation, such as functional assessment, psychosocial assessment, vocational assessment, and PhilPen Assessment.
• Significant data from PE which would support the need for rehabilitation includes level of activity that can be done without SOB, limitations and impairments, nutritional status, skin breakdown, diagnosis, self-care deficits, risk for impaired skin integrity, impaired urinary elimination, constipation, and ineffective coping.
• There may be differences between our morals and bioethics.
• Interventions for clients requiring rehabilitation may include coping/security/safety/self awareness enhancement, spiritual/family support, self care assistance, activity therapy/mobility assistance, behavior management, case management, and decision-making support.
• The Chronic Care Model includes transitions of care, self-management support, delivery system design, and payment reform.