HEMA LAB 1

• Phloxine stains eosin red in diluting fluid
• Propylene glycol lyses the RBC
• Heparin inhibit leukocyte clumping
• Sodium Carbonate lyses all white cells EXCEPT eosinophils
• Phloxine Diluting Fluid (Phloxine, Propylene glycol, Sodium carbonate, Heparin, Distilled Water)
• Pilot's Solution (Phloxine, Propylene glycol, Sodium carbonate, Heparin, Distilled Water)
• Manner's Diluting Fluid (Phloxine, Urea, Trisodium citrate, Distilled Water)
• Randolph's Diluting Fluid (Phloxine, Calcium chloride, Propylene glycol)
• Reference Range of Eosinophils = 150-300/mm3 of blood
• Computation of Eosinophil = no. of eosinophil counted over 9 x 100
• Eosinopenia are caused by hyperadrenalism or Cushing's syndrome
• Eosinophilia is caused by:

  • Allergic Reactions
  • Parasitic Infections (Helminths, parasites involved in tissue migration or skin penetration)
  • Certain leukemias
• Thorn's Test or Eosinophils Depression Test
• Thorn's Test is a test for normal adrenal function.
• In what state is the patient during Thorn's test?

  Fasting state
• Normal adrenocortical function would account the second absolute count to be 50% lower than the fasting count
• Thorn's Test, increase of Eosinophil count causes what disease?

  Hypoadrenalism/Addison's Disease
• In Thorn's Test, a decrease in eosinophil count causes what disease?

  Hyperadrenalism/Cushing's Disease
• What is the relationship between the level of ACTH and Eosinophil?

  Inverse
• Toluidine Blue Method or?

  Cooper and Cruickshank Method
• Cetylpyridinium chloride is used to lyse erythrocytes and render basophilic granules insoluble
• Ammonium sulfate is used as a mordant to improve the staining qualities of toluidine blue
• EDTA prevents platelet agglutination
• [TBM]

  • Cetylpyridinium chloride
  • Ammonium sulfate
  • EDTA
• IN Toluidine Blue Method, Basophils are seen as?

  purple-red, metachromatically-stained cells
• Reference Range for TBM:

  0-2x10^9/L
• Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test (NBT) is used to?


  Distinguish between systematic bacterial infections from non-bacterial infections.
• NBT is also used to?

  detect neutrophil function defects such as:

  • Chronic Granulomatous Disease
  • Myeloperoxidase Deficiency
• When neutrophils are incubated with a colorless soluble dye (nitroblue tetrazilum), reductions produced blue-black formazan precipitates. The number of neutrophils which reduce the dye is then quantified.
• >10 NBT-positive neutrophils = systemic bacterial infection
• <10 NBT-positive neutrophils = normal individuals and in patients with infection of non bacterial origin
• Negative NBT = congenital defects of neutrophil function