"Required Practical 8: Ripple Tank"

• A ripple tank is used to observe the features of water waves.
• A ripple tank is a shallow tray of water with a vibrating bar connected to a power pack.
• When the bar vibrates, it creates waves across the surface of the water.
• Above the ripple tongue, a lump is placed, and below the tank, a sheet of white paper is placed.
• When light shines through the water, it produces an image of the waves on the paper.
• The wavelength of the waves can be measured by freezing the image of the waves and measuring the distance between one wave and 10 waves further.
• The frequency of the waves can be determined by timing how many waves pass a point in one second and dividing by 10.
• The speed of the waves can be determined by using the wave equation, which is the frequency in Hertz multiplied by the wavelength in meters.
• Another way to determine the speed of the waves is to select a wave and measure the time it takes to move the length of the tank.
• The speed of the waves can also be calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken.