Anglo saxons

• Earls control :

  Oversee law

  Military Power

  Collect Taxes
• King control :

  Money

  Religion

  Land Ownership

  Fyrd

  Tax

  Law
• The witan advise the king and are appointed by the king
• Godwins :

  Most Powerful

  Edith married Edward
• King Edward :

  Religious Leader

  Exiled to Normandy

  No heirs
• Local Government and law :

  Trial by Ordeal ( God judged cases )

  Wergild ( compensation )

  Hue and Cry ( Track down criminals )

  Collective responsibility

  Shire Hundred Tithing Hide
• Shire Reeve control :

  Geld Tax

  Law

  Fyrd
• Economy :

  Rich for Trade Farming Land Resources
• Buhr :

  Fortified town for trade and preventing attacks
• Social System :

  9.7% Slaves

  Flexible hierarchy

  Ceorls
• Saxon church :

  monks + nuns

  powerful

  rich bishops
• Godwins :

  Edith married Edward

  Harold married Edith of Mercia

  Wessex

  Exiled for a year because Edward wanted threat gone

  Tostig ~ Northumbria 1055

  Leofwine ~ Kent 55-57

  Harold ~ Wessex 1053
• Edward the confessor :

  Sent Harold to Normandy who swore an oath to William after being imprisoned

  Trusted Harold

  Normans claim embassy was for William
• Toasting uprising 1065

  October - Thegns revolt

  Morcar new earl

  November - Tostitg exiled

  He abused power , over taxed , Friendly with Malcolm Scotland
• Rival Claimants

  William :

  Harolds embassy

  Pope backing

  Military Strength

  Harald Hardrada :

  Viking deal

  Forced claim

  Danelaw welcome

  300 Ships

  Edgar Aethling :

  Royal blood

  No evidence

  Witan support

  Godwinson :

  Deathbed appointed

  Witnesess

  witan support
• Harold crowned :

  6th January 1066
• Establishing control :

  Gift to pope

  Marched on London

  Siezed royal treasury

  Edwin + morcar keep earls

  Edwin promised Williams daughter marriage

  Land lost if you rebel

  Marcher earldoms symbolic and Defense

  Hereford Chester Shrewsbury
• Castles :

  Saxon buhr was defensive

  norman domination

  survey local population prevent attack

  keep palisade moat motte gatehouse
• Saxon resistance 1068 :

  Edwin not with Edith

  morcar earldom reduced

  heavy Geld tax

  robert cumin in charge of north

  resistance at Malcolm II court
• January 1069

  looting triggered rebellion

  cumin killed at Durham

  February 1069

  uprising in york

  norman troops killed

  edwin joins morcar

  william stops rebels
• September 1069

  Guerilla warfare

  king sweyn attacks

  3,000 Normans killed

  meets edgar aethling

  william pays danes

  harrying of north happens

  william took control without consent
• Hereward + ely

  1069 hereward rebels about land give away

  1070 Dane’s return to Ely who raid monastery

  1071 morcar helped and captured

  hereward escapes

  william pays danish and defeats rebels

  defensive island at Ely marshlands