Endocrine system

Cards (42)

  • The endocrine system consists of a group of organs called endocrine glands which produce and release a chemical substance called hormones.
  • The overall role of the endocrine system is to regulate the daily activities of the body and controls its overall development.
  • The endocrine system acts as a "system of checks and balances" that works to keep the body system healthy.
  • Positive Feedback Mechanism is a control system that uses information from sensors to increase the rate of processes.
  • Examples of Positive Feedback Mechanism include Cut Finger and During labor.
  • This type of feedback is rarely found in healthy people.
  • The exact opposite of a negative feedback mechanism.
  • Control self-perpetuating events that can be out of control and do not require continuous adjustment.
  • The hypothalamus is a small gland located at the base of the brain that regulates activities of the body, metabolism, and reproduction.
  • The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by blood vessels to regulate body temperature, blood pressure, and the use of water.
  • Oxytocin is released from the hypothalamus to control muscle contractions of the uterus and milk production.
  • Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) increases water uptake in the kidney.
  • Thyroxine, which contains iodine, and calcitonin, which controls calcium levels in the bloodstream, are secreted by the thyroid gland.
  • The parathyroid glands are four tiny glands connected to the back of the thyroid gland that regulate the minerals in the body-calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream.
  • Insulin controls the level of sugar in the blood.
  • Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose.
  • Hypoglycemia can occur if there is low sugar in the blood.
  • The thymus is located in the upper chest behind the breastbone.
  • A target is any organ, tissue, or cell that is responsible for the changes in the activity of the body in response to the message received.
  • The receptor monitors the environment and responds to change (stimuli).
  • The human body is made up of sensory neurons which carry impulses to the brain or spinal cord.
  • The effector is responsible for the response to changes.
  • There are different control systems in the body: sensors, control center, communicating system, and targets.
  • The control center of the body is the brain, which is part of the nervous system.
  • The brain receives information from the sensors.
  • Homeostasis is responsible for the regulation and maintenance of the internal environment of the body.
  • The nerve impulse and hormones stimulate the target cell or organs in the body in which there is a response happens, both internal and external environment.
  • A high level of carbon dioxide is harmful to the body.
  • The receptor detects changes within the body.
  • The immune system plays an important role in developing some of the body's defenses against infection.
  • The secretions of hormones from the endocrine glands are under the control of the hypothalamus which is also controlled by negative feedback.
  • The endocrine system and the nervous system are the communicating systems of the body.
  • If the set point is below, the control center quickly responds by sending messages through the communicating systems: the nervous system and the endocrine system.
  • The controls center of the body is the brain, which establishes a set point.
  • Sensors are receptors that are responsible for gathering information about the conditions inside and outside of the body.
  • They carry the information to all parts of the body.
  • The human body has many neurons spread out that receive input, process the input, and produce a response.
  • Increased breathing is a good example of how a negative feedback loop works.
  • The reproductive glands, ovaries and testes, play an important role in reproduction.
  • Negative feedback loops maintain a state of balance by reversing the change to return to the normal condition of the body.