BIO 101 Test 1 Review

Cards (57)

  • Biology is the study of life.
  • Population is a group of the same species living in the same place at the same time.
  • Community is a variety of populations occupying the same place.
  • Biosphere is the global ecosystem.
  • Ecosystem is the living and non-living components of an area.
  • Organization is the way the units of life function together, for example, groups of cells.
  • Energy is what all living things need to function, but the way they obtain energy is different.
  • Homeostasis is how a cell or organism maintains internal constancy, for example, if one’s body is too cold they will begin shivering to stay warm.
  • Reproduction, growth, and development are essential to life because that is how life multiplies.
  • Evolution is natural in life, whenever an organism is in an environment that is changing, the organism begins to adapt and naturally changes (evolves) to be suited for the environment.
  • Individual organisms are divided into two groups, single-celled and multicellular.
  • Emergent properties are characteristics that emerge at each level of organization, they are evidence of the levels of organization interacting to maintain life.
  • Primary producers obtain nutrients from the nonliving environment such as the sun.
  • A control group is the group used for comparison, for example a placebo for medicine rather than the actual medication.
  • Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not.
  • The three main branches of life are Domain Bacteria, Domain Eukarya, and Domain Archaea.
  • The scientific method steps are observe, ask questions, hypothesize and predict, collect data and make conclusions
  • Bacteria and Archaea are considered to be unicellular and prokaryotic.
  • Homeostasis is the maintenance of internal constancy, for example, if one is hungry they're stomach will growl
  • A standardized variable is one that remains constant throughout the experiment.
  • An experimental group is the group that may show different results, for example the actual medication.
  • A dependent variable is one affected by the experiment change, so more water caused the plant to grow.
  • Sexual reproduction produces genetically unique cells while asexual reproduction produces genetically identical cells.
  • Homeostasis also includes increasing the circulation of blood to the surface to allow the body to dissipate heat when one has a fever.
  • An independent variable is one changed in an experiment, for example, a certain amount of water added to a plant.
  • Consumers obtain nutrients from eating other organisms.
  • Decomposers obtain nutrients from dead organisms and organic waste.
  • Producer: Trees.
  • Primary consumers are herbivores; Deer
  • Secondary consumer: Humans.
  • Tertiary consumer: Lions.
    • Matter: anything that takes up mass
    • Element: a substance that cannot be chemically broken down
  • Cohesion: water molecules sticking together, high surface tension
  • Adhesion: water molecules forming hydrogen bonds with other molecules
  • Water dissolves hydrophilic molecules; salt
  • Water does not dissolve hydrophobic molecules; butter
  • Dehydration Synthesis: A reaction in which a larger molecule is formed from two molecules by the removal of a water molecule; Monomer to Polymer
  • Hydrolysis: A reaction in which a large molecule is broken down into two molecules by the addition of water
  • PH Scale: 0-14, 7 is neutral