Social Welfare Lecture 4

• Social and Economic Costs of Poverty

  Poverty costs Ontario about $27-$33 billion per year. Weakens country's economic performance. At individual level can be
• Workfare

  requires unemployed people to work as a term of eligibility for social assistance. Refusal to participate may result in punishment
• Social Assistance

  Program of last resort when all other supports have been exhausted. Roots in charity and English Poor Laws. Strict eligibility criteria and supplies only bare minimum funds for survival
• Food Banks and Feeding Porgrams

  Feeding programs provide cooked meals at specific times of the day. Food Banks Canada is interested in alleviating hunger
• At Home/ Chez Soi

  underlined fundamental point that have a home with support leads to positive outcomes in many areas of a person's life
• Housing First

  strategy for program of investment in low-cost affordable housing. Everyone has a right to housing and it should not be conditional
• Homelessness

  absence of a place to live. Absolute and Relative. Reasons such as mental health and unemployment
• Campaign 2000

  focused on building awareness and support for the resolution to end child poverty
• Working Poor

  people who are paid monthly employment but do not earn enough income to lift them above the poverty line. work similar hours of others but earn less money
• Universal Basic Income


  Goal is to ensure everyone can have their basic income needs met
• Gini Coefficient


  measures the degree of inequality in the overall income
• Quintile Distributions


  highest reps. 1/5 of population with highest income. Lowest is vise versa
• Poverty Duration


  most low-income canadians experience poverty for a short period of time
• Poverty Gap

  determines depth of poverty. Refers to the amount of income a family would need to lift them above poverty line. Lower value means lower gap
• Poverty Headcount

  measures the number and proportion of persons living in poverty
• Opportunity for all

  Establishes official poverty targets and a way for the gov to closely monitor them
• Campaign for a Living Wage


  seeks to convince employers to offer wages above prescribed thresholds. Ensures that wages match the actual cost of living
• Social Determinants of Health

  social and economic factors such as education, employment/unemployment, housing and food insecurity
• Low Income Measure

  Poverty threshold
• Market Basket measure

  newly established poverty line. Calculates the amount of income needed by a house to meet their daily needs
• Human Rights

  human rights approach provides more solid group upon which laws, policies, and programs for anti-poverty are based
• Dignity for All

  anti-poverty campaign built on justice, inclusion, and human rights. Everyone can pursue opportunities for achievement, embrace citizenship, and live with sense of dignity