SCIENCE: PROPERTIES OF A MATTER

• Fundamental building blocks of matter afe atoms and molecules
• Matter can be classified as element or compound
• elements and compounds are made up of atoms that retain their chemical properties until they undergo changes through a chemical reaction.
• Elements and compounds are both substances.
• An element is a pure substance that is made up of only one kind of atom
• compound is a combination of two or more elements.
• Water, which is made of two atoms of hydrogen and an atom of oxygen is a compound
• A property is an observable characteristic that describes an object or a substance
• Physical properties are characteristics of matter that may be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of a substance.
• Physical properties can be either intensive or extensive
• Extensive properties are properties of matter that depend on the amount of matter.
• Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present
• Color refers to the pigment of a substance.
• Odor describes the smell of a substance
• Luster refers to how matter reflects light
• Malleability refers to how an object can be hammered into thin sheets
• Ductility refers to how matter can be stretched into thin wires
• Hardness is the measure of how matter can be starched or dented
• Viscosity is the measure of how liquids easily flow
• Texture refers to the feel of a substance when it is touched or in contact with a surface
• Durability is the ability to resist corrosion
• Brittleness is the ability of an object to break apart or shatter easily
• Elasticity is the ability of a material to resume its shape after being stretched or compressed
• Temperature is the measure of the amount of energy in a substance
• Conductor of heat and electricity is the ability of a material to allow heat or electricity flow in it
• Physical changes are observable changes in the appearance or physical property of matter while it does not change into a new substance.
• A chemical change involves chemical reactions that result in the formation of new substances or products.
• chemical property is the ability of a substance to undergo chemical changes to become a different kind of matter.
• chemical changes involve giving off energy through an exothermic process where heat is released from a substance such as in a combustion reaction.
• Flammable substances that are usually in liquid and gaseous forms are those that can easily catch fire at relatively low temperatures.
• The flammability of a substance is based on its flash point, which refers to the lowest temperature at which a liquid can be ignited and mixed with the air near it
• Volatility is the tendency of a liquid to vaporize
• Rusting is caused by a chemical reaction between the metal and moisture in the air
• The orange-brown substance is called rust