Health Ch. 12

• physical activity - any form of movement that causes your body to use energy
• physical fitness - ability to carry out daily tasks easily and have enough reserve energy to respond to unexpected demands
• exercise - purposeful physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, and that improves or maintains physical fitness
• sedentary - involving little physical activity
• cardiorespiratory endurance - the ability of your heart, lungs, and blood vessels to send fuel and oxygen to your tissues during long periods of moderate to vigorous activity
• muscular strength - amount of force your muscles can exert
• muscular endurance - ability of your muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without tiring
• flexibility - the ability to move your body parts through their full range of motion
• aerobic exercise - all rhythmic activities that use large muscles groups for an extended period of time
• anaerobic exercise - intense, short bursts of activity in which the muscles work so hard that they produce energy without using oxygen
• specificity - choosing the right types of activities to improve a given element of fitness
• overload - exercising at a level that's beyond your regular daily activities
• progression - gradually increasing that demands on your body
• warm-up - gentle cardiovascular activity that prepares the muscles for work
• workout - part of an exercise session when you are exercising at your highest peak
• cooldown - low-level activity that prepares your body to return to resting state
• resting heart-rate - number of times your heart beats per minute when you are not active
• frostbite - damage to the skin and the tissues caused by extreme cold
• hypothermia - dangerously low body temperature
• heat exhaustion - form of physical stress on the body caused by overheating
• heatstroke - dangerous condition in which the body loses its ability to cool itself through perspiration
• muscle cramps - sudden and sometimes painful contractions of the muscles
• strains - overstretching and tearing a muscle
• sprains - injuries to the ligaments around the joint