Acids + Bases

• Acids are from pH1 (strong) to ph6 (weak)

  
• Bases (Alkali) are from pH8 (weak) to ph14 (strong)

  
• Acids and bases neutralise each other
• Strong acids completely ionise in water
• Weak acids only partially ionise in water
• Acid + Metal -> salt + hydrogen
• Hydrochloric acid produces chloride salts
• Sulfuric acid produces sulfate salts
• Acid + metal carbonate -> Salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Acid + Alkali -> salt + water
• Precipitation reaction - making an insoluble salt

  1. Add 1 spatula of lead nitrate to a test tube
  2. Add deionised water to dissolve it
  3. Then do the same with 1 spatula of sodium chloride
  4. Then tip the 2 solutions into a small beaker and stir it together
  5. Put some filter paper in a funnel and put that into a conical flask
  6. Pour the solution into the filter
  7. The residue is lead chloride