respiration & metabolism

• | respiration

  RESPIRATION is the process of TRANSFERRING ENERGY FROM GLUCOSE, which goes on in EVERY CELL
• | respiration

  • exothermic process— transfers energy TO the environment
• | how respiration is used

  1. build up LARGER MOLECULES from smaller ones
  2. allows MUSCLES to CONTRACT
  3. keep BODY TEMPERATURE steady in colder surroundings (in mammals & birds)
• | metabolism

  • METABOLISM is ALL the CHEMICAL REACTIONS in an ORGANISM
• define metabolism

  all chemical reactions in an organism
• | metabolism

  • in a CELL, there are lots of CHEMICAL REACTIONS happening ALL THE TIME which are controlled by ENZYMES
• enzymes are biological catalysts
• | metabolism

  • larger molecules can be made from smaller ones:
  • small GLUCOSE are JOINED TOGETHER to form STARCH, GLYCOGEN & CELLULOSE
  • LIPID molecules made of 1 GLYCEROL MOLECULE & 3 FATTY ACIDS
  • GLUCOSE combined with NITRATE IONS to make AMINO ACIDS, which are made into PROTEINS
• | metabolism

  • in other reactions. LARGER molecules are BROKEN DOWN into smaller molecules
  • glucose is broken down in RESPIRATION which transfers energy to power ALL reactions in the body that MAKES MOLECULES
  • EXCESS PROTEIN is broken down to make UREA which is excreted in URINE
• | metabolism

  the sum of all reactions that happen in a cell is called its metabolism
• what is metabolism?

  sum of all reactions that happen in a cell
• examples of how animals use the energy transferred by respiration

  • to contract muscles for movement
  • to keep body temperature steady
  • build up larger molecules from smaller ones