Philippine Healthcare Delivery System and Health Agenda

• 1898: E. Aguinaldo created the Department of

  Public Works, Education, and Hygiene

  • became Board of Health of Philippine Islands in 1901
• 1901: Board of Health of Philippine Islands

  • Creation of provincial and municipal boards
• 1905: Bureau of Health
• 1915: from BOH to Philippine Health Service

  • Semi-military system of public health administration
• 1932: Examination boards were created for Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Optometry
• 1941: Created the Department of Public Health & Welfare and Dr. Jose Fabella became its first secretary
• 1947: Post-war split of Department of Public Welfare and the Department of Health

  • Another split between curative (Bureau of Hospitals) and preventive services (Bureau of Health)
• 1951: Development of Rural Health Unit which deliver several medical services
• 1958: creation of 8 regional health offices
• 1970: Restructured Healthcare Delivery System – Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Levels of Care
• 1972: renamed DOH to Ministry of Health during the Martial Law and Sec. Gaitmaitan was the 1st minister of health
• 1982: EO 851: reorganized Ministry of Health as an integrated healthcare delivery system through the creation of Integrated Provincial Health Office,

  combining the public health and hospital operations under the PHOs
• 1987: MOH was renamed back to Department of Health by President Cory Aquino
• 1991: RA 7160 – Local Government Code – Devolved Health Sector

  • Doctors to the Barrios
  • National Micronutrient Campaign
• 1999-2004: Development of the Health Sector Reform Agenda

  • Pres. Joseph Estrada signed
• 2005-2015: Fourmula 1 for Health

  • Four Pillars of Fourmula 1:

  o Financing

  o Regulation

  o Service Delivery

  o Governance
• 2012: Sin Tax Reform Law
• 2015: Universal Health Care
• 2016: Philippine Health Agenda 2016-2022
• 2019: Submission into law of the Universal Health Care Law

  • An effort towards Primary Health Care
  • Every Filipino citizen shall be automatically included into the National Health Insurance Program
  • Every Filipino shall be granted immediate eligibility and access to preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative, and palliative care for medical, dental, mental, and emergency health services
• Roles/Functions of the Department of Health

  • leadership in health
  • enabler and capacity builder
  • administrator of specific services
• Leadership in Health

  • National policy & regulatory institution
  • Leadership in formulation, monitoring, & evaluation of health policies, plans & programs
• 2. Enabler and Capacity Builder

  • Innovate new strategies in health
  • Monitoring & evaluation of national health policies, plans, & programs
  • Ensure highest achievable standards of quality HC, health promotion & health protection
• Administrator of Specific Services

  • Innovate new strategies in health
  • Manage & selected national & sub-national health facilities & hospitals w/ modern facilities that shall serve as referral centers
  • Administer direct services for emerging health concerns
• Department of Health Secretary

  • Dr. Teodoro “Ted” Herbosa
• Vision of DOH: Filipinos are among the healthiest people

  in Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by 2040
• Mission of DOH: To lead the country in the development

  of a productive, resilient, equitable and people-centered

  health system
• Classification of Hospitals (AO 2012-002)

  • According to Ownership
  • Government
  • Private
  • According to Scope of Services
  • General
  • Specialty
  • According to Functional Capacity
  • General
  • Specialty
  • Trauma Capability
• Ownership

  • Public Sector
  • National: DOH
  • Local: LGU
  • Private Sector
  • Hospitals
  • Clinics
  • Health insurance
  • Medicine manufacturer
  • Vaccine maker
  • Medical equipment supplier
  • Research
• Government/Public Sector

  • Financed through a tax-based budgeting system
  • Managed by government facilities under national and local governments
• DOH: Government corporate hospitals, specialty and regional hospitals
• Department of National Defense (DND): Military hospitals
• Provincial Governments: district and provincial hospitals
• Municipal governments: primary care, health centers, and barangay health stations
• Private Sector

  • For profit and non-profit health-care workers
  • Pres. Joseph Estrada signed
  • Market oriented
  • Financed through user fees
• General

  • Provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities
  • Ex. Philippine General Hospital,

  Pasig City General Hospital
• Specialty

  • Specializes in a particular disease or condition in one type of patient
  • According to illness: POC, NCMH, SLH
  • According to organ: LCP, PHC, NKTI
  • According to group: PCMC, NCH, Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital
• According to Functional Capacity


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• Primary Health Care

  • According to WHO is whole-of-society approach to health that aims at ensuring the highest possible level of health and wellbeing and their equitable distribution by focusing on people’s needs
• Alma Ata Declaration of 1978

  • International Conference on Primary Health Care, Alma-Ata, USSR, September 6-12, 1978
  • Considered as a major milestone in the field of public health
  • Expressed the need for urgent action by all governments, all health and development workers, and the world community to protect and promote the health of all the people of the world – Health for All
  • Affirms health as a fundamental human right