Acids, Bases and Salts

• Acids can conduct electricity when dissolved in water.
• Neutral substances have pH values equal to 7.
• Basic (alkaline) solutions have pH values greater than 7.
• Phenolphthalein is a basic indicator that is colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions.
• Methyl orange is an acidic indicator that turns yellow in acidic solutions and red in basic solutions.
• litmus paper contains pH indicators that change color depending on whether a solution is acidic or basic.
• Acids react with bases to form salts and water.
• Bases are substances that react with acids to form salts and water.
• Salts are formed from the reaction between an acid and a base.
• Methyl orange is an acid-base indicator that changes from yellow to red as the solution becomes more alkaline.
• Bromothymol blue is a weakly acidic indicator that changes from green to yellow as the solution becomes more alkaline.
• Bromothymol blue is an acid-base indicator that turns green at neutrality and then gradually turns yellow as it gets more acidic or more alkaline.
• Bases react with acids to form salts and water.
• Salts are ionic compounds formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.
• Phenolphthalein is an acid-base indicator that changes from colorless to pink/red as the solution becomes more alkaline.
• Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) reacts with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and water (H2O).
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O).
• A pH value of 7 indicates a neutral solution, while values below 7 indicate increasing acidity and values above 7 indicate increasing basicity.
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• Acid + Base → Salt + Water
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• The pH scale measures how acidic or alkaline a substance is on a scale from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline).
• Universal Indicator is a mixture of indicators used to test the pH range of solutions.
• The pH scale measures the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
• Universal Indicator is a mixture of several different indicators used to determine the pH range of a substance.
• The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).
• Universal Indicator is a mixture of different colored dyes that can be used to test the pH of a substance.
• A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce a salt and water.
• The general formula for a salt is AX, where X represents the cation (positive ion) and A represents the anion (negative ion).
• Strong bases have high pH values, while strong acids have low pH values.
• Weak acids have lower concentrations of H+ ions compared to strong acids.
• Nitric acid (HNO3) reacts with magnesium oxide (MgO) to produce magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO3)2) and water (H2O).
• The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where 0 represents very strong acids, 7 represents neutral solutions, and 14 represents very strong bases.
• Strong acids completely dissociate into H+ ions when they are dissolved in water.
• A neutral solution has a pH value of 7.
• Acidic substances have a pH less than 7, while basic substances have a pH greater than 7.