Lecture 7

Cards (80)

  • Fungi are heterotrophs, so they must eat things
  • Fungi are Eukaryotic
  •  The main body of fungi is haploid
  • Fungi can be multicellular or unicellular
  • Yeast are unicellular fungi without flagella
  • Fungi have a cell wall made from chitin
  • Chitin is a polysaccharide commonly known for making up arthropod shells, cephalopod beaks and fish scales
  • Fungi externally digest their food
  • There are about 120,000 species of fungi described
  • A hypha is the basic unit of a multicellular fungi
  • The structure seen above the ground is the reproductive structure of multicellular fungi
  • Multicellular fungi sexually reproduce in the fruiting body
  • The mycelium is a mass of hyphae
  • There are two kinds of hyphae: Septate, and Coenocytic.
  • Septate hypha have a septum, which is a wall that separates nuclei
  • Coenocytic hypha do not have walls between nuclei, so all nuclei share the cytoplasm
  • Hyphae can be very specialized
  • There are hyphae adapted for trapping and killing prey
  • Hyphae with haustoria extend into plant cells and allow for relationships between plants and fungi
  • Fungi grow by extending, they digest what they extend into
  • Fungi do not have alternation of generations
  • Fungi usually reproduce asexually but most can reproduce sexually
  • Plasmogamy is the fusion of the cytoplasm of two individuals in sexual reproduction of fungi
  • Karyogamy is the fusion of the nuclei from two individuals in sexual reproduction of fungi
  • Spores in fungi are haploid
  • Spores in fungi are mostly less than 20 μm in size
  • Spores in fungi each contain a nucleus, dehydrated cytoplasm, and a protective coat
  • Some spores in fungi can remain dormant for long periods
  • Spores are produced by mitosis in asexual reproduction of fungi
  • Spores are produced by meiosis in sexual reproduction of fungi
  • Spores are produced to move to a new food source
  • Spores are produced to avoid or wait out adverse environment
  • Spores are produced by sexual reproduction to create new genetic combinations
  • Asexual reproduction occurs from spores in sporangia
  • Asexual reproduction occurs from conidia (spores) in conidiophores
  • Asexual reproduction occurs from budding
  • Fungi are closely related to animals
  • Fungi and animals fall into a clade called Opisthokonts
  • Animals and fungi ancestors split about 1 billion years ago
  • There are 5 phyla of fungi