Feedback

• Feedback is any kind of information received by a performer as a result of a particular action, it enables us to detact and eliminate errors and reinforce correct actions by strenghtening S-R bonds. It motivates performers and raises self confidence. Along with practice, feedback is vital to enable learning and improvement.
• Positive feedback is information about a successful outcome.
• Positive feedback is used for beginners.
• Positive feedback is used for experts.
• Positive feedback is used to reinforce a correct action.
• Positive feedback is used to increase motivation and confidence.
• Positive feedback is used to encourage repitition and strenghten S-R bonds.
• An advantage of positive feedback is it clearly indicates the parts of the skill that were correct to be successful.
• An advantage of positive feedback is it strenghtens S-R bonds.
• An advantage of positive feedback is it helps motivate and increase confidence of cognitive and associative learners.
• A disadvantage of positive feedback is if it is given too often it can lose value.
• A disadvantage of positive feedback is if it is given for unsuccessful response it can strengthen unsuccessful S-R bonds.
• A disadvantage of positive feedback is it can cuase drive reduction especially if goals are too easy to achieve.
• A disadvantage of positive feedback is it is ineffective if unspecific or imprecise.
• Negative feedback is information about an unsuccessful outcome or performance.
• Negative feedback is used for experts.
• Negative feedback is used to inform a performer they need to correct an action.
• Negative feedback is used to prevent bad habits.
• An advantage of negative feedback is it clearly indicates the parts of the skill that were incorrect.
• An advantage of negative feedback is it is beneficial to expert performers when linked with knowledge of performance to improve their skills.
• An advantage of negative feedback is it can finely tune well learned skills.
• An advantage of negative feedback is it prevents drive reduction and pushes performers towards their goals.
• A disadvantage of negative feedback is it can de-motivate cognitive learners.
• A disadvantage of negative feedback is if not linked with incorrect action then the performer will not know where to improve.
• A disadvantage of negative feedback is it can reduce confidence.
• Intrinsic feedback is sensory information about the physical feel of the movement being performed and the kinaesthetic feel of the movement from proprioceptors.
• Intrinsic feedback is used for experts.
• Intrinsic feedback is used to enable actions to be changed whilst being performed.
• An advantage of intrinsic feedback is it is good for autonomous phase of learning so they know themselves where to improve.
• An advantage of intrinsic feedback is it makes their performance fluent and well timed.
• An advantage of intrinsic feedback is as concurrent feedback you can improve the performance of that skill whilst performing it.
• An advantage of intrinsic feedback is the performer isn't reliant on anyone else.
• An advantage of intrinsic feedback is it is a quicker way of improving performance.
• An advantage of intrinsic feedback is the performer has time to think about peripheral stimuli and tactics.
• A disadvantage of intrinsic feedback is the cognitive phase will not be able to use this effectively.
• A disadvantage of intrinsic feedback is it must be linked with external feedback at associative phases as they are learning what successful responses feel like.
• A disadvantage of intrinsic feedback is learning to use intrinsic feedback correctly can take a long time.
• Extrinsic feedback is information that comes from external sources.
• Extrinsic feedback is used for beginners.
• Extrinsic feedback is used for motivation and confidence.