How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century:Class
Sport is still associated with those who are perceived to be of a certain social class.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century:Class
Traditionally, football was played and watched by the working classes, but it is now much more mixed. Middle classes are now likely to state that they are football fans.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century:Class
Tennis, golf and polo are still associated with the upper/middle classes because of the expense and social elitism associated with joining such clubs.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century:Class
Elite Olympic sport has a disproportionate number of privately educated and, therefore more middle class athletes.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century:Class
Sport participationof over 16 years old is greater among higher socio-economic groups.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century:Class
Social mobility can be achieved through sports.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Amatuerism and Professionalism
Social class is a factor in whether someone is likely to be an amateur or a professional in sport.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Amatuerism and Professionalism
Amateurs in cricket and rugby have traditionally been middle class.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Amatuerism and Professionalism
Professionals in football have traditionally been working class.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Amatuerism and Professionalism
Rugby now consists of a broad range of professionals from all backgrounds.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Gender
More men than women still participate in or watch sport.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Gender
Sport is still regarded by some as 'unfeminine', reinforcing male dominance in sport and sports coverage.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Gender
Certain activities are traditionally linked to males (team sports) and females (dance).
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Gender
More women than ever are now involved in physical exercise and there is more interest in health and fitness activities.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Gender
Participation rates of women in football and rugby are continuing to grow.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Gender
There is an increased number of femal sports presenters, encouraging interest and female role models.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Law and Order
Legislation that affects sport is sophisticated and specific to sport.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Law and Order
The rights of athletes and spectators and their safety are now protected by law.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Law and Order
The law has also been used increasingly to protect or to litigate against officials and referees.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Law and Order
Banning orders have been used in football to stop disruptive fans from travelling abroad.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Law and Order
The law has been involved in the misuse of drugs, misconduct on and off the field and match fixing.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Law and Order
Laws to prevent discrimination based on race, gender, disability, age, sexual orientation and religion exist in the UK, and these have had an impact on sport.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Education
Children between the ages of 5 and 16 must receive an education.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Education
Examinations and qualifications in physical education and sport, including sports science, have increased in availability in the twenty-first century.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Education
GCE A Level, GCSE, Cambridge National, BTECs and Cambridge Technical qualification are available in PE/Sport.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Education
Universities offer a wide range of PE/Sport-related degrees.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Availability of time, money and transport
Society has become much more technological, increasing time available.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Availability of time, money and transport
Flexible working conditions increase time available.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Availability of time, money and transport
Most people are better off, although a substantial number of people struggle to make ends meet.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Availability of time, money and transport
The global recession has affected disposable income; less money is being spent on sport exercise, and participation rates are down since 2012.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Availability of time, money and transport
The availability of transport has increased; access to cars, buses, trains and cheap air fares have increased sport participation and spectatorship.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport
International sport is a big business, with massive investment involved as well as the reputations of countries and international companies. It has been affected by the following key factors: freedom of movement for performers; greater exposure of people to sport; and media coverage.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Freedom of movement for performers and greater exposure of people to sport:
Sport is a global marketplace for participants to demand high wages for their skills.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Freedom of movement for performers and greater exposure of people to sport:
National and international laws allow freedom of movement (particularly in the EU)
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Freedom of movement for performers and greater exposure of people to sport:
Some performers change nationality (athletics).
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Freedom of movement for performers and greater exposure of people to sport:
Many spectators now travel to watch international competitions (Olympics); cheap air travel is available.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Media Coverage
Increased TV coverage due to the commercial boost of the late 1990s (satellite TV) led to the globalisation of sport.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Media Coverage
Media increased the number of people who watched televised sport - rugby league changed seasons to fit in with this.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Media Coverage
Very little media attention has been devoted to sporting inequalities based on class, gender and ethnicity.
How contemporary factors are shaping sport in the twenty-first century: Globalisation of sport: Media Coverage
Rules have been influenced and timings of games are fixed to suit TV.