History of Medical Technology

• Anna Fagelson

  MT is a branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determination and analyses used in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and the maintenance of health
• Ruth Heinemann

  MT as the application of the principles of natural, physical, and biological sciences in laboratory procedures to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
• REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5527 - "THE PHILIPPINE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY ACT OF 1969"

  • Medical Technology is an auxiliary branch of medicine which deals with the examination of various chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic, and other medical laboratory procedures or techniques that will aid the physician in diagnosis, study, and treatment of disease and in the promotion of health in general.
• In early years treating a

  disease is considered mystery.
• Believed that disease is caused by a negative interaction between the environment and the body.
• Significant personalities were also recognized for having a significant contribution in the field of medicine.
• Early documented works were identified to contribute to the advancement of medicine and medical technology due to high mortality incidence caused by plagues and diseases.
• 11th century, not allowed to conduct physical exam.
• 18th century, mechanical techniques and cadaver dissection were used to understand the inside of the body.
• 19th century, machines for diagnosis and therapeutic.
• John Hutchinson's Spirometer

  Spirometry, derived from the Latin words SPIRO (to breathe) and METER (to measure), is a medical test which provides diagnostic information to assess a patient's lung function.
• • Jules Herisson's Sphygmomanometer
  • "The sphygmomanometer, an instrument which renders the action of the arteries apparent to the eye "
• 1500 BC

  • The oldest preserved Egyptian compilation of medical texts 110-page long scroll. Contains chapters on contraception, pregnancy, skin and eye problems, surgery, burns, intestinal disease, and parasites
• HIPPOCRATES (300 B.C.-180 A.D.)

  • Father of Medicine
  • Hippocratic assessment of disorder
  • Four Humors of the Human Body
  • Increased the quality of patient life.
  • Examinations
  • Indication of CHRONIC ILLNESS and KIDNEY DISEASE
• Four Humors of the Human Body

  • Blood
  • Phlegm
  • Black Bile
  • Yellow Bile
• Ebers Papyrus

  • oldest egyptian scrolls that contains medical tests
  • contains parasitology of 3 morphologic forms of hookworm infection
  • it considered urine as the oldest body fluid and first body fluid to examine
• Hippocrates

  • first to taste urine for examination
• 3 Conditions of death to Hippocrates with the indication of Chronic Illness and Kidney Disease:

  • formation of bubbles in urine
  • blood in urine
  • pus in urine
• Galen

  • also known as Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus
  • He described diabetes as "diarrhea of urine"
  • Established the relationship between fluid intake and urine volume.
  • Medieval Europe, uroscopy or water casting
• Water Casting

  • to put urine specimen in a gold or silver container
• Uroscopy

  • medical examination or testing of urine
• Medical Technology

  Research

  Also known as "Clinical Laboratory Science" or "Laboratory Medicine"
• Medical Technology

  Defined as: the application of diagnostic, use of machineries/instruments preventive, and therapeutic medicine to monitor and improve the management of health condition
• Roles in Sustaining Life:

  • Healthcare delivery system
  • Research
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Use of machineries instruments such as:
  • Biotechnology
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Information Technology
• Technology

  General Practice to Specialization.
• Technology

  • Mechanical and chemical devices were slowly introduced.
• Technology

  • Discovering of more complex machines that requires technical expertise.
• Technology

  • Increased patients will require increased number of tests that prompted the need of medical professionals.
• Technology

  • Technology allows the physician to examine the patients with diagnostic accuracy instead of subjective description of symptoms only.
• 1816

  • Stethoscope
  • Rene Laennec
  • Information about lungs and heartbeats
• 1840

  • Microscope
  • Devised by Anton vanLeeuwenhoek
  • For medical Purposes
• 1850

  • Opthalmoscope
  • Hermann vonHelmholz
  • First Visual technology
• 1855

  • Laryngoscope
  • Devised by ManuelGarcia
  • To observe the throat and larynx
• 1859

  • X-Rray
  • Wilhelm Roentgen
  • To view the inside of the body
• 1903

  • ECG
  • Developed by Willem Einthoven
  • Measures electrical changes of the human heartbeat
• 1910

  • Kenny method
  • Devised by Elizabeth Kenny
  • Modern physical therapy in the treatment of polio
• 1927

  • Drinker respirator
  • Philip Drinker
  • To help paralytic anterior poliomyelitis patients in their respiration condition using the artificial device or respirator.
• 1939

  • Hear-Lung machine
  • John Gibbon
  • He had completed his development of a new apparatus, which was ready for testing.
• 1941

  • Cardiac catheterization and Angiography
  • Operated by Forsmann in 1929
  • Developed by Moniz, Reboul, Rousthoi between 1930 and 1940
  • Cournand, discovered as a safe method
• NEW MEDICAL ADVANCEMENTS

  Electron Microscope

  Tomography

  MRI