About purposive communication

• <S: >To inform - passing on information, facts or ideas
• Verbal communication includes speaking, listening, reading, writing, and signing.
• Informative communication aims to convey information about facts, ideas, opinions, beliefs, attitudes, values, etc.
• Communication can be verbal (spoken) or non-verbal (written).
• The purpose of Purposeful Communication can be informative, persuasive, expressive, or instrumental.
• Communication is the process by which a speaker sends or conveys a message via words and symbols to a listener or group of listeners.
• The word 'communication' was derived from the Latin verb-communicare, adjective communis and old French adjective comun.
• The key root of 'communication' is 'munus' meaning to share publicly/ impart/ make common.
• Communication can be traced back to be derived from the old French term comunicacion and Latin word communicatio (n-), means 'to share' and are 'common' to all.
• Communication is a process.
• Communication is a continuous and constantly changing process, which is influenced by a lot of factors.
• Communication happens within various systems - organizations of interdependent elements.
• Communication is irreversible once an utterance has left someone's mouth, it is impossible to take back what was said.
• Communication is proactive when people communicate, people actively evaluate the content and purpose of the message, and the credibility of the speaker.
• Communication is the process of expressing and exchanging information, thoughts, ideas, and feelings.
• Elements of communication include the speaker, the message, encoding, channel, decoding, receiver, feedback, context, and barrier.
• The speaker in communication is the source of information or message.
• The message in communication is the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions.
• Encoding in communication is the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands.
• The channel in communication is the medium or the means, such as personal or non- personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed.
• Decoding in communication is the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver.
• The receiver in communication is the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message.
• Feedback in communication is the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.
• The context in communication is the environment where communication takes place.
• A barrier in communication are the factors that affect the flow of communication.
• Communication arises out of human needs which include the need to inform, entertain, act, and inquire.
• Communication is a process that occurs between two or more people, the speaker and the receiver.
• Communication can be expressed through words, actions, or both at the same time.
• Communication functions to control behavior.
• Communication allows individuals to interact with others.
• Communication motivates or encourages people to live better.
• Communication facilitates people's expression of their feelings and emotions.
• Communication can take the form of written, verbal, or non-verbal communication.
• Intended communication is a form of communication where the message is intended for a specific audience.
• Unintended communication is a form of communication where the message is not intended for a specific audience.
• Communication ethics involve upholding integrity, being honest in giving your personal opinion, being unbiased in your judgment, respecting diversity of perspective and privacy, being considerate about the feelings of others, and showing respect for their beliefs, status, affiliations, and privacy.
• Communication ethics also involve being tactful in what you say, observing freedom of expression effectively, being open-minded, considering other people's point of view however different they may be from yours, and developing your sense of accountability.
• Guidelines for effective communication include being clear with your purpose, supporting your message with facts, being concise, providing specific information in your feedback, adjusting to the needs, interests, values, and beliefs of your audience, and observing communication ethics.
• To be effective in communication, it's important to be your natural self and appear very confident.
• What are the main categories of traits, motives, and characteristics of leaders discussed in the study material?

  Personality traits, leadership motives, cognitive factors, and the influence of heredity and environment.