Human reproductive systems

• what is sperm?

  • sperm - (male gamete) - made in testes all the time after puberty
  • sperm mix with liquid to make semen - ejaculated from penis during sexual intercourse
• what is the parts of the male reproductive system?

  • urethra - tube carries sperm through penis during ejaculation - urine also passes through urethra to exit body
  • erectile tissue - swells when filled with blood to make penis erect
  • testis - where sperm is made
  • glands - produce liquid that's added to sperm to make semen
  • vas deferens - muscular tube that carries sperm from testis towards the urethra
  • head of the penis
  • foreskin
  • scrotal sac/scrotum - hangs behind the penis and contains testes
• how does female reproductive system make ova?

  • Ova - female gametes - ovum produced every 28 days from one of the two ovaries
  • passes into fallopian tube - where it may meet sperm that has entered the vagina during sexual intercourse
  • if isn't fertilised by sperm - ovum will break up and pass out of vagina
  • if it is fertilised - ovum starts to divide - new cells travel down fallopian tube to uterus and attach endometrium - fertilised ovum developing into uterus
• what are the parts of the female reproductive system?

  • fallopian tube - muscular tube that carries the ovum from the ovary to the uterus
  • uterus - the organ where an embryo grows
  • vulva
  • ovary - the organ that produces ova and sex hormones
  • endometrium - has good blood supply for implantation of an embryo
  • cervix - neck of the uterus
  • vagina - where sperm is deposited
• how does testosterone promote sexual characteristics at puberty?

  • extra hair on face and body
  • muscles to develop
  • penis and testicles to enlarge
  • sperm production
  • deepening of voice
• how does oestrogen promote sexual characteristics at puberty?

  • extra hair on underarms and pubic area
  • hips widen
  • development of breasts
  • ovum releases at start of periods